193 lines
8.7 KiB
Markdown
193 lines
8.7 KiB
Markdown
# body-parser
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[![NPM Version][npm-image]][npm-url]
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[![NPM Downloads][downloads-image]][downloads-url]
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[![Build Status][travis-image]][travis-url]
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[![Test Coverage][coveralls-image]][coveralls-url]
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[![Gratipay][gratipay-image]][gratipay-url]
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Node.js body parsing middleware.
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This does not handle multipart bodies, due to their complex and typically large nature. For multipart bodies, you may be interested in the following modules:
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- [busboy](https://www.npmjs.org/package/busboy#readme) and [connect-busboy](https://www.npmjs.org/package/connect-busboy#readme)
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- [multiparty](https://www.npmjs.org/package/multiparty#readme) and [connect-multiparty](https://www.npmjs.org/package/connect-multiparty#readme)
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- [formidable](https://www.npmjs.org/package/formidable#readme)
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- [multer](https://www.npmjs.org/package/multer#readme)
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Other body parsers you might be interested in:
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- [body](https://www.npmjs.org/package/body#readme)
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- [co-body](https://www.npmjs.org/package/co-body#readme)
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## Installation
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```sh
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$ npm install body-parser
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```
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## API
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```js
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var bodyParser = require('body-parser')
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```
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### bodyParser.json(options)
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Returns middleware that only parses `json`. This parser accepts any Unicode encoding of the body and supports automatic inflation of `gzip` and `deflate` encodings.
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The options are:
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- `strict` - only parse objects and arrays. (default: `true`)
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- `inflate` - if deflated bodies will be inflated. (default: `true`)
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- `limit` - maximum request body size. (default: `<100kb>`)
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- `reviver` - passed to `JSON.parse()`
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- `type` - request content-type to parse (default: `json`)
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- `verify` - function to verify body content
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The `type` argument is passed directly to the [type-is](https://www.npmjs.org/package/type-is#readme) library. This can be an extension name (like `json`), a mime type (like `application/json`), or a mime time with a wildcard (like `*/json`).
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The `verify` argument, if supplied, is called as `verify(req, res, buf, encoding)`, where `buf` is a `Buffer` of the raw request body and `encoding` is the encoding of the request. The parsing can be aborted by throwing an error.
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The `reviver` argument is passed directly to `JSON.parse` as the second argument. You can find more information on this argument [in the MDN documentation about JSON.parse](https://developer.mozilla.org/en-US/docs/Web/JavaScript/Reference/Global_Objects/JSON/parse#Example.3A_Using_the_reviver_parameter).
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### bodyParser.raw(options)
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Returns middleware that parses all bodies as a `Buffer`. This parser supports automatic inflation of `gzip` and `deflate` encodings.
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The options are:
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- `inflate` - if deflated bodies will be inflated. (default: `true`)
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- `limit` - maximum request body size. (default: `<100kb>`)
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- `type` - request content-type to parse (default: `application/octet-stream`)
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- `verify` - function to verify body content
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The `type` argument is passed directly to the [type-is](https://www.npmjs.org/package/type-is#readme) library. This can be an extension name (like `bin`), a mime type (like `application/octet-stream`), or a mime time with a wildcard (like `application/*`).
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The `verify` argument, if supplied, is called as `verify(req, res, buf, encoding)`, where `buf` is a `Buffer` of the raw request body and `encoding` is the encoding of the request. The parsing can be aborted by throwing an error.
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### bodyParser.text(options)
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Returns middleware that parses all bodies as a string. This parser supports automatic inflation of `gzip` and `deflate` encodings.
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The options are:
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- `defaultCharset` - the default charset to parse as, if not specified in content-type. (default: `utf-8`)
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- `inflate` - if deflated bodies will be inflated. (default: `true`)
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- `limit` - maximum request body size. (default: `<100kb>`)
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- `type` - request content-type to parse (default: `text/plain`)
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- `verify` - function to verify body content
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The `type` argument is passed directly to the [type-is](https://www.npmjs.org/package/type-is#readme) library. This can be an extension name (like `txt`), a mime type (like `text/plain`), or a mime time with a wildcard (like `text/*`).
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The `verify` argument, if supplied, is called as `verify(req, res, buf, encoding)`, where `buf` is a `Buffer` of the raw request body and `encoding` is the encoding of the request. The parsing can be aborted by throwing an error.
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### bodyParser.urlencoded(options)
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Returns middleware that only parses `urlencoded` bodies. This parser accepts only UTF-8 encoding of the body and supports automatic inflation of `gzip` and `deflate` encodings.
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The options are:
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- `extended` - parse extended syntax with the [qs](https://www.npmjs.org/package/qs#readme) module. (default: `true`)
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- `inflate` - if deflated bodies will be inflated. (default: `true`)
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- `limit` - maximum request body size. (default: `<100kb>`)
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- `parameterLimit` - maximum number of parameters. (default: `1000`)
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- `type` - request content-type to parse (default: `urlencoded`)
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- `verify` - function to verify body content
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The `extended` argument allows to choose between parsing the urlencoded data with the `querystring` library (when `false`) or the `qs` library (when `true`). The "extended" syntax allows for rich objects and arrays to be encoded into the urlencoded format, allowing for a JSON-like experience with urlencoded. For more information, please [see the qs library](https://www.npmjs.org/package/qs#readme).
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The `parameterLimit` argument controls the maximum number of parameters that are allowed in the urlencoded data. If a request contains more parameters than this value, a 415 will be returned to the client.
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The `type` argument is passed directly to the [type-is](https://www.npmjs.org/package/type-is#readme) library. This can be an extension name (like `urlencoded`), a mime type (like `application/x-www-form-urlencoded`), or a mime time with a wildcard (like `*/x-www-form-urlencoded`).
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The `verify` argument, if supplied, is called as `verify(req, res, buf, encoding)`, where `buf` is a `Buffer` of the raw request body and `encoding` is the encoding of the request. The parsing can be aborted by throwing an error.
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### req.body
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A new `body` object containing the parsed data is populated on the `request` object after the middleware.
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## Examples
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### express/connect top-level generic
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This example demonstrates adding a generic JSON and urlencoded parser as a top-level middleware, which will parse the bodies of all incoming requests. This is the simplest setup.
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```js
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var express = require('express')
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var bodyParser = require('body-parser')
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var app = express()
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// parse application/x-www-form-urlencoded
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app.use(bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false }))
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// parse application/json
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app.use(bodyParser.json())
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app.use(function (req, res) {
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res.setHeader('Content-Type', 'text/plain')
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res.write('you posted:\n')
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res.end(JSON.stringify(req.body, null, 2))
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})
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```
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### express route-specific
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This example demonstrates adding body parsers specifically to the routes that need them. In general, this is the most recommend way to use body-parser with express.
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```js
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var express = require('express')
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var bodyParser = require('body-parser')
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var app = express()
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// create application/json parser
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var jsonParser = bodyParser.json()
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// create application/x-www-form-urlencoded parser
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var urlencodedParser = bodyParser.urlencoded({ extended: false })
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// POST /login gets urlencoded bodies
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app.post('/login', urlencodedParser, function (req, res) {
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if (!req.body) return res.sendStatus(400)
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res.send('welcome, ' + res.body.username)
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})
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// POST /api/users gets JSON bodies
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app.post('/api/users', jsonParser, function (req, res) {
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if (!req.body) return res.sendStatus(400)
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// create user in req.body
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})
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```
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### change content-type for parsers
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All the parsers accept a `type` option which allows you to change the `Content-Type` that the middleware will parse.
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```js
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// parse various different custom JSON types as JSON
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app.use(bodyParser.json({ type: 'application/*+json' }))
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// parse some custom thing into a Buffer
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app.use(bodyParser.raw({ type: 'application/vnd.custom-type' }))
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// parse an HTML body into a string
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app.use(bodyParser.text({ type: 'text/html' }))
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```
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## License
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[MIT](LICENSE)
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[npm-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/v/body-parser.svg?style=flat
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[npm-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/body-parser
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[travis-image]: https://img.shields.io/travis/expressjs/body-parser.svg?style=flat
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[travis-url]: https://travis-ci.org/expressjs/body-parser
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[coveralls-image]: https://img.shields.io/coveralls/expressjs/body-parser.svg?style=flat
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[coveralls-url]: https://coveralls.io/r/expressjs/body-parser?branch=master
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[downloads-image]: https://img.shields.io/npm/dm/body-parser.svg?style=flat
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[downloads-url]: https://npmjs.org/package/body-parser
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[gratipay-image]: https://img.shields.io/gratipay/dougwilson.svg?style=flat
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[gratipay-url]: https://www.gratipay.com/dougwilson/
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