From 9b0fff8c9fc38bd75de5e38c920800c749a79177 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Timothy Warren <twarren@nabancard.com>
Date: Tue, 5 Feb 2019 10:10:47 -0500
Subject: [PATCH] Add smart_pointers example

---
 .idea/misc.xml             |   1 +
 .idea/rust.iml             |   5 ++
 .idea/workspace.xml        | 171 ++++++++++++-------------------------
 smart_pointers/Cargo.toml  |   7 ++
 smart_pointers/src/main.rs |  56 ++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 123 insertions(+), 117 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 smart_pointers/Cargo.toml
 create mode 100644 smart_pointers/src/main.rs

diff --git a/.idea/misc.xml b/.idea/misc.xml
index ee60ddf..8ca6f05 100644
--- a/.idea/misc.xml
+++ b/.idea/misc.xml
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@
     <cargoProject FILE="$PROJECT_DIR$/closures/Cargo.toml" />
     <cargoProject FILE="$PROJECT_DIR$/minigrep_v2/Cargo.toml" />
     <cargoProject FILE="$PROJECT_DIR$/add/Cargo.toml" />
+    <cargoProject FILE="$PROJECT_DIR$/smart_pointers/Cargo.toml" />
   </component>
   <component name="ComposerJsonPluginSettings">
     <unboundedVersionInspectionSettings>
diff --git a/.idea/rust.iml b/.idea/rust.iml
index 3d5de12..bfb4a8b 100644
--- a/.idea/rust.iml
+++ b/.idea/rust.iml
@@ -98,6 +98,10 @@
       <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/add/add-one/examples" isTestSource="false" />
       <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/add/add-one/tests" isTestSource="true" />
       <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/add/add-one/benches" isTestSource="true" />
+      <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/smart_pointers/src" isTestSource="false" />
+      <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/smart_pointers/examples" isTestSource="false" />
+      <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/smart_pointers/tests" isTestSource="true" />
+      <sourceFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/smart_pointers/benches" isTestSource="true" />
       <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/add/add-one/target" />
       <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/add/adder/target" />
       <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/adder/target" />
@@ -119,6 +123,7 @@
       <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/references/target" />
       <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/scope/target" />
       <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/slices/target" />
+      <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/smart_pointers/target" />
       <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/structs/target" />
       <excludeFolder url="file://$MODULE_DIR$/variables/target" />
     </content>
diff --git a/.idea/workspace.xml b/.idea/workspace.xml
index 935ec18..7405fa5 100644
--- a/.idea/workspace.xml
+++ b/.idea/workspace.xml
@@ -14,82 +14,28 @@
   </component>
   <component name="FileEditorManager">
     <leaf>
-      <file pinned="false" current-in-tab="false">
-        <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/minigrep_v2/Cargo.toml">
-          <provider selected="true" editor-type-id="text-editor">
-            <state relative-caret-position="112">
-              <caret line="7" selection-start-line="7" selection-end-line="7" />
-            </state>
-          </provider>
-        </entry>
-      </file>
-      <file pinned="false" current-in-tab="false">
-        <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/minigrep_v2/src/main.rs">
-          <provider selected="true" editor-type-id="text-editor">
-            <state relative-caret-position="272">
-              <caret line="17" selection-start-line="17" selection-end-line="17" />
-            </state>
-          </provider>
-        </entry>
-      </file>
-      <file pinned="false" current-in-tab="false">
-        <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/minigrep_v2/src/lib.rs">
-          <provider selected="true" editor-type-id="text-editor">
-            <state relative-caret-position="624">
-              <caret line="39" selection-start-line="39" selection-end-line="39" />
-            </state>
-          </provider>
-        </entry>
-      </file>
-      <file pinned="false" current-in-tab="false">
-        <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/add/Cargo.toml">
-          <provider selected="true" editor-type-id="text-editor">
-            <state relative-caret-position="96">
-              <caret line="6" selection-start-line="6" selection-end-line="6" />
-            </state>
-          </provider>
-        </entry>
-      </file>
       <file pinned="false" current-in-tab="true">
-        <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/add/add-one/src/lib.rs">
+        <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/smart_pointers/src/main.rs">
           <provider selected="true" editor-type-id="text-editor">
-            <state relative-caret-position="208">
-              <caret line="13" column="5" lean-forward="true" selection-start-line="13" selection-start-column="5" selection-end-line="13" selection-end-column="5" />
+            <state relative-caret-position="32">
+              <caret line="2" lean-forward="true" selection-start-line="2" selection-end-line="2" />
               <folding>
-                <element signature="e#30#31#0" expanded="true" />
-                <element signature="e#40#41#0" expanded="true" />
-                <element signature="e#87#88#0" expanded="true" />
-                <element signature="e#123#124#0" expanded="true" />
+                <element signature="e#68#69#0" expanded="true" />
+                <element signature="e#91#92#0" expanded="true" />
+                <element signature="e#200#201#0" expanded="true" />
+                <element signature="e#216#217#0" expanded="true" />
+                <element signature="e#351#352#0" expanded="true" />
+                <element signature="e#433#434#0" expanded="true" />
+                <element signature="e#244#245#0" expanded="true" />
+                <element signature="e#261#262#0" expanded="true" />
               </folding>
             </state>
           </provider>
         </entry>
       </file>
       <file pinned="false" current-in-tab="false">
-        <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/add/adder/Cargo.toml">
-          <provider selected="true" editor-type-id="text-editor">
-            <state relative-caret-position="144">
-              <caret line="9" selection-start-line="9" selection-end-line="9" />
-            </state>
-          </provider>
-        </entry>
-      </file>
-      <file pinned="false" current-in-tab="false">
-        <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/add/adder/src/main.rs">
-          <provider selected="true" editor-type-id="text-editor">
-            <state relative-caret-position="64">
-              <caret line="4" column="77" selection-start-line="4" selection-start-column="77" selection-end-line="4" selection-end-column="77" />
-            </state>
-          </provider>
-        </entry>
-      </file>
-      <file pinned="false" current-in-tab="false">
-        <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/add/add-one/Cargo.toml">
-          <provider selected="true" editor-type-id="text-editor">
-            <state relative-caret-position="112">
-              <caret line="7" selection-start-line="7" selection-end-line="7" />
-            </state>
-          </provider>
+        <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/smart_pointers/src/lib.rs">
+          <provider selected="true" editor-type-id="text-editor" />
         </entry>
       </file>
     </leaf>
@@ -159,6 +105,8 @@
         <option value="$PROJECT_DIR$/add/add-one/Cargo.toml" />
         <option value="$PROJECT_DIR$/add/adder/Cargo.toml" />
         <option value="$PROJECT_DIR$/add/add-one/src/lib.rs" />
+        <option value="$PROJECT_DIR$/smart_pointers/src/lib.rs" />
+        <option value="$PROJECT_DIR$/smart_pointers/src/main.rs" />
       </list>
     </option>
   </component>
@@ -169,10 +117,10 @@
     <other-services-enabled>false</other-services-enabled>
   </component>
   <component name="ProjectFrameBounds">
-    <option name="x" value="1920" />
-    <option name="y" value="-438" />
-    <option name="width" value="1080" />
-    <option name="height" value="1897" />
+    <option name="x" value="1680" />
+    <option name="y" value="-410" />
+    <option name="width" value="1050" />
+    <option name="height" value="1657" />
   </component>
   <component name="ProjectLevelVcsManager" settingsEditedManually="true">
     <ConfirmationsSetting value="1" id="Add" />
@@ -192,43 +140,12 @@
             <path>
               <item name="rust" type="3d21c010:ScopeViewTreeModel$ProjectNode" />
               <item name="rust" type="2674bda8:ScopeViewTreeModel$GroupNode" />
-              <item name="add" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
+              <item name="smart_pointers" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
             </path>
             <path>
               <item name="rust" type="3d21c010:ScopeViewTreeModel$ProjectNode" />
               <item name="rust" type="2674bda8:ScopeViewTreeModel$GroupNode" />
-              <item name="add" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
-              <item name="add-one" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
-            </path>
-            <path>
-              <item name="rust" type="3d21c010:ScopeViewTreeModel$ProjectNode" />
-              <item name="rust" type="2674bda8:ScopeViewTreeModel$GroupNode" />
-              <item name="add" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
-              <item name="add-one" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
-              <item name="src" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
-            </path>
-            <path>
-              <item name="rust" type="3d21c010:ScopeViewTreeModel$ProjectNode" />
-              <item name="rust" type="2674bda8:ScopeViewTreeModel$GroupNode" />
-              <item name="add" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
-              <item name="adder" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
-            </path>
-            <path>
-              <item name="rust" type="3d21c010:ScopeViewTreeModel$ProjectNode" />
-              <item name="rust" type="2674bda8:ScopeViewTreeModel$GroupNode" />
-              <item name="add" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
-              <item name="adder" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
-              <item name="src" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
-            </path>
-            <path>
-              <item name="rust" type="3d21c010:ScopeViewTreeModel$ProjectNode" />
-              <item name="rust" type="2674bda8:ScopeViewTreeModel$GroupNode" />
-              <item name="minigrep_v2" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
-            </path>
-            <path>
-              <item name="rust" type="3d21c010:ScopeViewTreeModel$ProjectNode" />
-              <item name="rust" type="2674bda8:ScopeViewTreeModel$GroupNode" />
-              <item name="minigrep_v2" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
+              <item name="smart_pointers" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
               <item name="src" type="9f88c78c:ScopeViewTreeModel$FileNode" />
             </path>
           </expand>
@@ -262,7 +179,7 @@
   </component>
   <component name="PropertiesComponent">
     <property name="JavaScriptWeakerCompletionTypeGuess" value="true" />
-    <property name="com.android.tools.idea.instantapp.provision.ProvisionBeforeRunTaskProvider.myTimeStamp" value="1549304605543" />
+    <property name="com.android.tools.idea.instantapp.provision.ProvisionBeforeRunTaskProvider.myTimeStamp" value="1549379395077" />
     <property name="javascript.nodejs.core.library.configured.version" value="7.1.0" />
     <property name="js.eslint.eslintPackage" value="$USER_HOME$/.yarn-config/global/node_modules/.bin/eslint" />
     <property name="js.eslint.nodeInterpreter" value="project" />
@@ -290,7 +207,7 @@
       </list>
     </option>
   </component>
-  <component name="RunManager" selected="Cargo Command.Test lib::tests (1)">
+  <component name="RunManager" selected="Cargo Command.Run smart_pointers">
     <configuration name="&lt;template&gt;" type="TestNG" default="true" selected="false">
       <option name="MAIN_CLASS_NAME" />
       <option name="VM_PARAMETERS" value="-ea" />
@@ -309,13 +226,13 @@
         <option name="Make" enabled="true" />
       </method>
     </configuration>
-    <configuration name="Run closures" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
+    <configuration name="Run smart_pointers" type="CargoCommandRunConfiguration" factoryName="Cargo Command" temporary="true">
       <option name="channel" value="DEFAULT" />
-      <option name="command" value="run --package closures --bin closures" />
+      <option name="command" value="run --package smart_pointers --bin smart_pointers" />
       <option name="allFeatures" value="false" />
       <option name="nocapture" value="false" />
       <option name="backtrace" value="SHORT" />
-      <option name="workingDirectory" value="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/closures" />
+      <option name="workingDirectory" value="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/smart_pointers" />
       <envs />
       <method v="2" />
     </configuration>
@@ -368,11 +285,11 @@
     </configuration>
     <recent_temporary>
       <list>
+        <item itemvalue="Cargo Command.Run smart_pointers" />
         <item itemvalue="Cargo Command.Test lib::tests (1)" />
         <item itemvalue="Cargo Command.Test using_other_iterator_trait_methods" />
         <item itemvalue="Cargo Command.Test calling_next_directly" />
         <item itemvalue="Cargo Command.Test filters_by_size" />
-        <item itemvalue="Cargo Command.Run closures" />
       </list>
     </recent_temporary>
   </component>
@@ -406,11 +323,11 @@
     </history-entry>
   </component>
   <component name="ToolWindowManager">
-    <frame x="1920" y="-438" width="1080" height="1897" extended-state="6" />
+    <frame x="1680" y="-410" width="1050" height="1657" extended-state="6" />
     <editor active="true" />
     <layout>
-      <window_info active="true" content_ui="combo" id="Project" order="0" sideWeight="0.4968701" visible="true" weight="0.2540132" />
-      <window_info id="Structure" order="1" sideWeight="0.5031299" side_tool="true" visible="true" weight="0.2540132" />
+      <window_info content_ui="combo" id="Project" order="0" sideWeight="0.49586776" visible="true" weight="0.26141885" />
+      <window_info id="Structure" order="1" sideWeight="0.5041322" side_tool="true" visible="true" weight="0.26141885" />
       <window_info id="Image Layers" order="2" />
       <window_info id="Designer" order="3" />
       <window_info id="Capture Tool" order="4" />
@@ -418,7 +335,7 @@
       <window_info id="Cargo" order="6" sideWeight="0.49791494" weight="0.3286119" />
       <window_info anchor="bottom" id="Message" order="0" />
       <window_info anchor="bottom" id="Find" order="1" weight="0.32979318" />
-      <window_info anchor="bottom" id="Run" order="2" weight="0.29737285" />
+      <window_info active="true" anchor="bottom" id="Run" order="2" visible="true" weight="0.29696578" />
       <window_info anchor="bottom" id="Debug" order="3" weight="0.4" />
       <window_info anchor="bottom" id="Cvs" order="4" weight="0.25" />
       <window_info anchor="bottom" id="Inspection" order="5" weight="0.4" />
@@ -426,7 +343,7 @@
       <window_info anchor="bottom" id="Docker" order="7" show_stripe_button="false" />
       <window_info anchor="bottom" id="Version Control" order="8" />
       <window_info anchor="bottom" id="Inspection Results" order="9" weight="0.32979318" />
-      <window_info anchor="bottom" id="Terminal" order="10" visible="true" weight="0.28563443" />
+      <window_info anchor="bottom" id="Terminal" order="10" weight="0.66429955" />
       <window_info anchor="bottom" id="Event Log" order="11" side_tool="true" />
       <window_info anchor="right" id="Commander" order="0" weight="0.4" />
       <window_info anchor="right" id="Ant Build" order="1" weight="0.25" />
@@ -798,8 +715,8 @@
     </entry>
     <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/add/add-one/src/lib.rs">
       <provider selected="true" editor-type-id="text-editor">
-        <state relative-caret-position="208">
-          <caret line="13" column="5" lean-forward="true" selection-start-line="13" selection-start-column="5" selection-end-line="13" selection-end-column="5" />
+        <state relative-caret-position="240">
+          <caret line="15" lean-forward="true" selection-start-line="15" selection-end-line="15" />
           <folding>
             <element signature="e#30#31#0" expanded="true" />
             <element signature="e#40#41#0" expanded="true" />
@@ -809,5 +726,25 @@
         </state>
       </provider>
     </entry>
+    <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/smart_pointers/src/lib.rs">
+      <provider selected="true" editor-type-id="text-editor" />
+    </entry>
+    <entry file="file://$PROJECT_DIR$/smart_pointers/src/main.rs">
+      <provider selected="true" editor-type-id="text-editor">
+        <state relative-caret-position="32">
+          <caret line="2" lean-forward="true" selection-start-line="2" selection-end-line="2" />
+          <folding>
+            <element signature="e#68#69#0" expanded="true" />
+            <element signature="e#91#92#0" expanded="true" />
+            <element signature="e#200#201#0" expanded="true" />
+            <element signature="e#216#217#0" expanded="true" />
+            <element signature="e#351#352#0" expanded="true" />
+            <element signature="e#433#434#0" expanded="true" />
+            <element signature="e#244#245#0" expanded="true" />
+            <element signature="e#261#262#0" expanded="true" />
+          </folding>
+        </state>
+      </provider>
+    </entry>
   </component>
 </project>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/smart_pointers/Cargo.toml b/smart_pointers/Cargo.toml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d19c946
--- /dev/null
+++ b/smart_pointers/Cargo.toml
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+[package]
+name = "smart_pointers"
+version = "0.1.0"
+authors = ["Timothy Warren <twarren@nabancard.com>"]
+edition = "2018"
+
+[dependencies]
diff --git a/smart_pointers/src/main.rs b/smart_pointers/src/main.rs
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4654021
--- /dev/null
+++ b/smart_pointers/src/main.rs
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+use std::ops::Deref;
+use std::mem::drop;
+
+struct MyBox<T>(T);
+
+impl<T> MyBox<T> {
+    fn new(x: T) -> MyBox<T> {
+        MyBox(x)
+    }
+}
+
+impl<T> Deref for MyBox<T> {
+    type Target = T;
+
+    fn deref(&self) -> &T {
+        &self.0
+    }
+}
+
+struct CustomSmartPointer {
+    data: String,
+}
+
+impl Drop for CustomSmartPointer {
+    fn drop (&mut self) {
+        println!("Dropping CustomSmartPointer with data `{}`!", self.data);
+    }
+}
+
+fn hello(name: &str) {
+    println!("Hello, {}!", name);
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    let x = 5;
+    let y = MyBox::new(x);
+
+    assert_eq!(5, x);
+    assert_eq!(5, *y);
+
+    // Deref trait
+    let m = MyBox::new(String::from("Rust"));
+    hello(&m); // hello(&(*m)[..]); without deref coercions
+
+    // Drop trait
+    let c = CustomSmartPointer { data: String::from("my stuff") };
+    println!("CustomSmartPointer created.");
+
+    // Manual early "destruction" with std::mem::drop, instead of
+    // automatic cleanup via the Drop trait
+    drop(c);
+
+    println!("CustomSmartPointer dropped before the end of main.");
+    let _d = CustomSmartPointer { data: String::from("other stuff") };
+    println!("CustomSmartPointer created.");
+}