From 062273e411c135d1df705255954b3e610f31399e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: "Timothy J. Warren" Date: Tue, 28 Oct 2014 14:43:48 -0400 Subject: [PATCH] Update docs --- docs/helpers.js.html | 3 +- docs/index.html | 10 +- docs/module-helpers.html | 8 +- docs/module-query-builder.html | 428 ++++---- docs/module-query-parser.html | 148 ++- docs/query-builder.js.html | 3 +- docs/query-parser.js.html | 48 +- node_modules/async/.travis.yml | 3 + node_modules/async/LICENSE | 19 + node_modules/async/README.md | 1646 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ node_modules/async/component.json | 11 + node_modules/async/lib/async.js | 1123 ++++++++++++++++++++ node_modules/async/package.json | 45 + 13 files changed, 3247 insertions(+), 248 deletions(-) create mode 100644 node_modules/async/.travis.yml create mode 100644 node_modules/async/LICENSE create mode 100644 node_modules/async/README.md create mode 100644 node_modules/async/component.json create mode 100755 node_modules/async/lib/async.js create mode 100644 node_modules/async/package.json diff --git a/docs/helpers.js.html b/docs/helpers.js.html index 2dc3c42..231d5b5 100644 --- a/docs/helpers.js.html +++ b/docs/helpers.js.html @@ -76,8 +76,7 @@ class="sunlight-highlight-javascript linenums">"use strict"; /** @module helpers */ - -require('./es6-polyfill'); +require('es6-shim'); /** @alias module:helpers */ var h = { diff --git a/docs/index.html b/docs/index.html index 8cf75d4..14cb910 100644 --- a/docs/index.html +++ b/docs/index.html @@ -92,14 +92,14 @@
-

Node-query

A node query builder for various SQL databases, based on CodeIgniter's query builder.

+

CI-Node-query

A node query builder for various SQL databases, based on CodeIgniter's query builder.

Build Status

Supported adapters

  • mysql
  • mysql2
  • pg
-

Basic use

var nodeQuery = require('node-query');
+
Installation
npm install ci-node-query
Basic use
var nodeQuery = require('ci-node-query');
 
 var connection = ... // Database module connection 
 
@@ -115,7 +115,11 @@ query.select('foo')
     .limit(2, 3)
     .get(function(/* Adapter dependent arguments */) {
         // Database module result handling
-    });
+ });

Additional help

    +
  • Generated documentation is in the docs/ folder
    • +
  • tests/query-builder-base.js contains a lot of usage examples
    • +
  • The tests/adapters folder contains examples of how to set up a connection for the appropriate database library
    • +
diff --git a/docs/module-helpers.html b/docs/module-helpers.html index 48bba88..dba6e08 100644 --- a/docs/module-helpers.html +++ b/docs/module-helpers.html @@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ function name, eg isNumber

@@ -311,7 +311,7 @@ function name, eg isNumber

@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ function name, eg isNumber

@@ -605,7 +605,7 @@ function name, eg isNumber

diff --git a/docs/module-query-builder.html b/docs/module-query-builder.html index 1b7a65d..3779a5f 100644 --- a/docs/module-query-builder.html +++ b/docs/module-query-builder.html @@ -213,6 +213,216 @@
+
+

delete(table, where, callback)

+ + +
+
+ + +
+

Run the generated delete query

+
+ + + + + + + +
Parameters:
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
NameTypeArgumentDescription
table + + +String + + + + + + + + + +

The table to insert into

where + + +Object + + + + + + <optional>
+ + + + + +

Where clause for delete statement

callback + + +function + + + + + + + + + +

Callback for handling response from the database

+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Source:
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
Returns:
+ + +
+

void

+
+ + + + + + + +
+ + +

from(tableName)

@@ -745,7 +955,7 @@ @@ -944,7 +1154,7 @@ @@ -1145,7 +1355,7 @@ @@ -1336,7 +1546,7 @@ @@ -5581,216 +5791,6 @@ prefixed with 'OR NOT'

- - - - -
-

<inner> delete(table, where, callback)

- - -
-
- - -
-

Run the generated delete query

-
- - - - - - - -
Parameters:
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
NameTypeArgumentDescription
table - - -String - - - - - - - - - -

The table to insert into

where - - -Object - - - - - - <optional>
- - - - - -

Where clause for delete statement

callback - - -function - - - - - - - - - -

Callback for handling response from the database

- - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Source:
-
- -
- - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - - - - - -
Returns:
- - -
-

void

-
- - - - - - -
diff --git a/docs/module-query-parser.html b/docs/module-query-parser.html index 2169107..35e4f43 100644 --- a/docs/module-query-parser.html +++ b/docs/module-query-parser.html @@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ @@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ @@ -294,6 +294,150 @@ + + + + +
+

parseJoin(sql) → {Object}

+ + +
+
+ + +
+

Tokenize the sql into parts for additional processing

+
+ + + + + + + +
Parameters:
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
NameTypeDescription
sql + + +String + + + +
+ + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Source:
+
+ +
+ + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
Returns:
+ + + + +
+
+ Type +
+
+ +Object + + +
+
+ + + + +
diff --git a/docs/query-builder.js.html b/docs/query-builder.js.html index f98a04e..47f4e8f 100644 --- a/docs/query-builder.js.html +++ b/docs/query-builder.js.html @@ -867,13 +867,12 @@ var QueryBuilder = function(driver, adapter) { /** * Run the generated delete query * - * @method delete * @param {String} table - The table to insert into * @param {Object} [where] - Where clause for delete statement * @param {Function} callback - Callback for handling response from the database * @return void */ - this['delete'] = function (/*table, [where], callback*/) { + this.delete = function (/*table, [where], callback*/) { var args = getArgs('table:string, [where], callback:function', arguments); if (args.where) diff --git a/docs/query-parser.js.html b/docs/query-parser.js.html index 2cbcf21..dc70519 100644 --- a/docs/query-parser.js.html +++ b/docs/query-parser.js.html @@ -104,26 +104,6 @@ var filterMatches = function(array) { return output; }; -var parseJoin = function(sql) { - var matches = {}; - var output = {}; - - // Get clause components - matches['function'] = sql.match(matchPatterns['function']); - matches.identifiers = sql.match(matchPatterns.identifier); - matches.operators = sql.match(matchPatterns.operator); - - // Get everything at once for ordering - matches.combined = sql.match(matchPatterns.combined); - - // Flatten the matches to increase relevance - Object.keys(matches).forEach(function(key) { - output[key] = filterMatches(matches[key]); - }); - - return output; -}; - // -------------------------------------------------------------------------- /** @@ -136,6 +116,32 @@ var QueryParser = function(driver) { // That 'new' keyword is annoying if ( ! (this instanceof QueryParser)) return new QueryParser(driver); + /** + * Tokenize the sql into parts for additional processing + * + * @param {String} sql + * @return {Object} + */ + this.parseJoin = function(sql) { + var matches = {}; + var output = {}; + + // Get clause components + matches['function'] = sql.match(matchPatterns['function']); + matches.identifiers = sql.match(matchPatterns.identifier); + matches.operators = sql.match(matchPatterns.operator); + + // Get everything at once for ordering + matches.combined = sql.match(matchPatterns.combined); + + // Flatten the matches to increase relevance + Object.keys(matches).forEach(function(key) { + output[key] = filterMatches(matches[key]); + }); + + return output; + }; + /** * Return the output of the parsing of the join condition * @@ -143,7 +149,7 @@ var QueryParser = function(driver) { * @return {String} - The parsed/escaped join condition */ this.compileJoin = function(condition) { - var parts = parseJoin(condition); + var parts = this.parseJoin(condition); var count = parts.identifiers.length; var i; diff --git a/node_modules/async/.travis.yml b/node_modules/async/.travis.yml new file mode 100644 index 0000000..6e5919d --- /dev/null +++ b/node_modules/async/.travis.yml @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +language: node_js +node_js: + - "0.10" diff --git a/node_modules/async/LICENSE b/node_modules/async/LICENSE new file mode 100644 index 0000000..8f29698 --- /dev/null +++ b/node_modules/async/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +Copyright (c) 2010-2014 Caolan McMahon + +Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy +of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal +in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights +to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell +copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is +furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: + +The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in +all copies or substantial portions of the Software. + +THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR +IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, +FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE +AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER +LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, +OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN +THE SOFTWARE. diff --git a/node_modules/async/README.md b/node_modules/async/README.md new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0bea531 --- /dev/null +++ b/node_modules/async/README.md @@ -0,0 +1,1646 @@ +# Async.js + +[![Build Status via Travis CI](https://travis-ci.org/caolan/async.svg?branch=master)](https://travis-ci.org/caolan/async) + + +Async is a utility module which provides straight-forward, powerful functions +for working with asynchronous JavaScript. Although originally designed for +use with [Node.js](http://nodejs.org), it can also be used directly in the +browser. Also supports [component](https://github.com/component/component). + +Async provides around 20 functions that include the usual 'functional' +suspects (`map`, `reduce`, `filter`, `each`…) as well as some common patterns +for asynchronous control flow (`parallel`, `series`, `waterfall`…). All these +functions assume you follow the Node.js convention of providing a single +callback as the last argument of your `async` function. + + +## Quick Examples + +```javascript +async.map(['file1','file2','file3'], fs.stat, function(err, results){ + // results is now an array of stats for each file +}); + +async.filter(['file1','file2','file3'], fs.exists, function(results){ + // results now equals an array of the existing files +}); + +async.parallel([ + function(){ ... }, + function(){ ... } +], callback); + +async.series([ + function(){ ... }, + function(){ ... } +]); +``` + +There are many more functions available so take a look at the docs below for a +full list. This module aims to be comprehensive, so if you feel anything is +missing please create a GitHub issue for it. + +## Common Pitfalls + +### Binding a context to an iterator + +This section is really about `bind`, not about `async`. If you are wondering how to +make `async` execute your iterators in a given context, or are confused as to why +a method of another library isn't working as an iterator, study this example: + +```js +// Here is a simple object with an (unnecessarily roundabout) squaring method +var AsyncSquaringLibrary = { + squareExponent: 2, + square: function(number, callback){ + var result = Math.pow(number, this.squareExponent); + setTimeout(function(){ + callback(null, result); + }, 200); + } +}; + +async.map([1, 2, 3], AsyncSquaringLibrary.square, function(err, result){ + // result is [NaN, NaN, NaN] + // This fails because the `this.squareExponent` expression in the square + // function is not evaluated in the context of AsyncSquaringLibrary, and is + // therefore undefined. +}); + +async.map([1, 2, 3], AsyncSquaringLibrary.square.bind(AsyncSquaringLibrary), function(err, result){ + // result is [1, 4, 9] + // With the help of bind we can attach a context to the iterator before + // passing it to async. Now the square function will be executed in its + // 'home' AsyncSquaringLibrary context and the value of `this.squareExponent` + // will be as expected. +}); +``` + +## Download + +The source is available for download from +[GitHub](http://github.com/caolan/async). +Alternatively, you can install using Node Package Manager (`npm`): + + npm install async + +__Development:__ [async.js](https://github.com/caolan/async/raw/master/lib/async.js) - 29.6kb Uncompressed + +## In the Browser + +So far it's been tested in IE6, IE7, IE8, FF3.6 and Chrome 5. + +Usage: + +```html + + +``` + +## Documentation + +### Collections + +* [`each`](#each) +* [`eachSeries`](#eachSeries) +* [`eachLimit`](#eachLimit) +* [`map`](#map) +* [`mapSeries`](#mapSeries) +* [`mapLimit`](#mapLimit) +* [`filter`](#filter) +* [`filterSeries`](#filterSeries) +* [`reject`](#reject) +* [`rejectSeries`](#rejectSeries) +* [`reduce`](#reduce) +* [`reduceRight`](#reduceRight) +* [`detect`](#detect) +* [`detectSeries`](#detectSeries) +* [`sortBy`](#sortBy) +* [`some`](#some) +* [`every`](#every) +* [`concat`](#concat) +* [`concatSeries`](#concatSeries) + +### Control Flow + +* [`series`](#seriestasks-callback) +* [`parallel`](#parallel) +* [`parallelLimit`](#parallellimittasks-limit-callback) +* [`whilst`](#whilst) +* [`doWhilst`](#doWhilst) +* [`until`](#until) +* [`doUntil`](#doUntil) +* [`forever`](#forever) +* [`waterfall`](#waterfall) +* [`compose`](#compose) +* [`seq`](#seq) +* [`applyEach`](#applyEach) +* [`applyEachSeries`](#applyEachSeries) +* [`queue`](#queue) +* [`priorityQueue`](#priorityQueue) +* [`cargo`](#cargo) +* [`auto`](#auto) +* [`retry`](#retry) +* [`iterator`](#iterator) +* [`apply`](#apply) +* [`nextTick`](#nextTick) +* [`times`](#times) +* [`timesSeries`](#timesSeries) + +### Utils + +* [`memoize`](#memoize) +* [`unmemoize`](#unmemoize) +* [`log`](#log) +* [`dir`](#dir) +* [`noConflict`](#noConflict) + + +## Collections + + + +### each(arr, iterator, callback) + +Applies the function `iterator` to each item in `arr`, in parallel. +The `iterator` is called with an item from the list, and a callback for when it +has finished. If the `iterator` passes an error to its `callback`, the main +`callback` (for the `each` function) is immediately called with the error. + +Note, that since this function applies `iterator` to each item in parallel, +there is no guarantee that the iterator functions will complete in order. + +__Arguments__ + +* `arr` - An array to iterate over. +* `iterator(item, callback)` - A function to apply to each item in `arr`. + The iterator is passed a `callback(err)` which must be called once it has + completed. If no error has occured, the `callback` should be run without + arguments or with an explicit `null` argument. +* `callback(err)` - A callback which is called when all `iterator` functions + have finished, or an error occurs. + +__Examples__ + + +```js +// assuming openFiles is an array of file names and saveFile is a function +// to save the modified contents of that file: + +async.each(openFiles, saveFile, function(err){ + // if any of the saves produced an error, err would equal that error +}); +``` + +```js +// assuming openFiles is an array of file names + +async.each(openFiles, function( file, callback) { + + // Perform operation on file here. + console.log('Processing file ' + file); + + if( file.length > 32 ) { + console.log('This file name is too long'); + callback('File name too long'); + } else { + // Do work to process file here + console.log('File processed'); + callback(); + } +}, function(err){ + // if any of the file processing produced an error, err would equal that error + if( err ) { + // One of the iterations produced an error. + // All processing will now stop. + console.log('A file failed to process'); + } else { + console.log('All files have been processed successfully'); + } +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + + +### eachSeries(arr, iterator, callback) + +The same as [`each`](#each), only `iterator` is applied to each item in `arr` in +series. The next `iterator` is only called once the current one has completed. +This means the `iterator` functions will complete in order. + + +--------------------------------------- + + + +### eachLimit(arr, limit, iterator, callback) + +The same as [`each`](#each), only no more than `limit` `iterator`s will be simultaneously +running at any time. + +Note that the items in `arr` are not processed in batches, so there is no guarantee that +the first `limit` `iterator` functions will complete before any others are started. + +__Arguments__ + +* `arr` - An array to iterate over. +* `limit` - The maximum number of `iterator`s to run at any time. +* `iterator(item, callback)` - A function to apply to each item in `arr`. + The iterator is passed a `callback(err)` which must be called once it has + completed. If no error has occured, the callback should be run without + arguments or with an explicit `null` argument. +* `callback(err)` - A callback which is called when all `iterator` functions + have finished, or an error occurs. + +__Example__ + +```js +// Assume documents is an array of JSON objects and requestApi is a +// function that interacts with a rate-limited REST api. + +async.eachLimit(documents, 20, requestApi, function(err){ + // if any of the saves produced an error, err would equal that error +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### map(arr, iterator, callback) + +Produces a new array of values by mapping each value in `arr` through +the `iterator` function. The `iterator` is called with an item from `arr` and a +callback for when it has finished processing. Each of these callback takes 2 arguments: +an `error`, and the transformed item from `arr`. If `iterator` passes an error to this +callback, the main `callback` (for the `map` function) is immediately called with the error. + +Note, that since this function applies the `iterator` to each item in parallel, +there is no guarantee that the `iterator` functions will complete in order. +However, the results array will be in the same order as the original `arr`. + +__Arguments__ + +* `arr` - An array to iterate over. +* `iterator(item, callback)` - A function to apply to each item in `arr`. + The iterator is passed a `callback(err, transformed)` which must be called once + it has completed with an error (which can be `null`) and a transformed item. +* `callback(err, results)` - A callback which is called when all `iterator` + functions have finished, or an error occurs. Results is an array of the + transformed items from the `arr`. + +__Example__ + +```js +async.map(['file1','file2','file3'], fs.stat, function(err, results){ + // results is now an array of stats for each file +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### mapSeries(arr, iterator, callback) + +The same as [`map`](#map), only the `iterator` is applied to each item in `arr` in +series. The next `iterator` is only called once the current one has completed. +The results array will be in the same order as the original. + + +--------------------------------------- + + +### mapLimit(arr, limit, iterator, callback) + +The same as [`map`](#map), only no more than `limit` `iterator`s will be simultaneously +running at any time. + +Note that the items are not processed in batches, so there is no guarantee that +the first `limit` `iterator` functions will complete before any others are started. + +__Arguments__ + +* `arr` - An array to iterate over. +* `limit` - The maximum number of `iterator`s to run at any time. +* `iterator(item, callback)` - A function to apply to each item in `arr`. + The iterator is passed a `callback(err, transformed)` which must be called once + it has completed with an error (which can be `null`) and a transformed item. +* `callback(err, results)` - A callback which is called when all `iterator` + calls have finished, or an error occurs. The result is an array of the + transformed items from the original `arr`. + +__Example__ + +```js +async.mapLimit(['file1','file2','file3'], 1, fs.stat, function(err, results){ + // results is now an array of stats for each file +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + + +### filter(arr, iterator, callback) + +__Alias:__ `select` + +Returns a new array of all the values in `arr` which pass an async truth test. +_The callback for each `iterator` call only accepts a single argument of `true` or +`false`; it does not accept an error argument first!_ This is in-line with the +way node libraries work with truth tests like `fs.exists`. This operation is +performed in parallel, but the results array will be in the same order as the +original. + +__Arguments__ + +* `arr` - An array to iterate over. +* `iterator(item, callback)` - A truth test to apply to each item in `arr`. + The `iterator` is passed a `callback(truthValue)`, which must be called with a + boolean argument once it has completed. +* `callback(results)` - A callback which is called after all the `iterator` + functions have finished. + +__Example__ + +```js +async.filter(['file1','file2','file3'], fs.exists, function(results){ + // results now equals an array of the existing files +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + + +### filterSeries(arr, iterator, callback) + +__Alias:__ `selectSeries` + +The same as [`filter`](#filter) only the `iterator` is applied to each item in `arr` in +series. The next `iterator` is only called once the current one has completed. +The results array will be in the same order as the original. + +--------------------------------------- + + +### reject(arr, iterator, callback) + +The opposite of [`filter`](#filter). Removes values that pass an `async` truth test. + +--------------------------------------- + + +### rejectSeries(arr, iterator, callback) + +The same as [`reject`](#reject), only the `iterator` is applied to each item in `arr` +in series. + + +--------------------------------------- + + +### reduce(arr, memo, iterator, callback) + +__Aliases:__ `inject`, `foldl` + +Reduces `arr` into a single value using an async `iterator` to return +each successive step. `memo` is the initial state of the reduction. +This function only operates in series. + +For performance reasons, it may make sense to split a call to this function into +a parallel map, and then use the normal `Array.prototype.reduce` on the results. +This function is for situations where each step in the reduction needs to be async; +if you can get the data before reducing it, then it's probably a good idea to do so. + +__Arguments__ + +* `arr` - An array to iterate over. +* `memo` - The initial state of the reduction. +* `iterator(memo, item, callback)` - A function applied to each item in the + array to produce the next step in the reduction. The `iterator` is passed a + `callback(err, reduction)` which accepts an optional error as its first + argument, and the state of the reduction as the second. If an error is + passed to the callback, the reduction is stopped and the main `callback` is + immediately called with the error. +* `callback(err, result)` - A callback which is called after all the `iterator` + functions have finished. Result is the reduced value. + +__Example__ + +```js +async.reduce([1,2,3], 0, function(memo, item, callback){ + // pointless async: + process.nextTick(function(){ + callback(null, memo + item) + }); +}, function(err, result){ + // result is now equal to the last value of memo, which is 6 +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### reduceRight(arr, memo, iterator, callback) + +__Alias:__ `foldr` + +Same as [`reduce`](#reduce), only operates on `arr` in reverse order. + + +--------------------------------------- + + +### detect(arr, iterator, callback) + +Returns the first value in `arr` that passes an async truth test. The +`iterator` is applied in parallel, meaning the first iterator to return `true` will +fire the detect `callback` with that result. That means the result might not be +the first item in the original `arr` (in terms of order) that passes the test. + +If order within the original `arr` is important, then look at [`detectSeries`](#detectSeries). + +__Arguments__ + +* `arr` - An array to iterate over. +* `iterator(item, callback)` - A truth test to apply to each item in `arr`. + The iterator is passed a `callback(truthValue)` which must be called with a + boolean argument once it has completed. +* `callback(result)` - A callback which is called as soon as any iterator returns + `true`, or after all the `iterator` functions have finished. Result will be + the first item in the array that passes the truth test (iterator) or the + value `undefined` if none passed. + +__Example__ + +```js +async.detect(['file1','file2','file3'], fs.exists, function(result){ + // result now equals the first file in the list that exists +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### detectSeries(arr, iterator, callback) + +The same as [`detect`](#detect), only the `iterator` is applied to each item in `arr` +in series. This means the result is always the first in the original `arr` (in +terms of array order) that passes the truth test. + + +--------------------------------------- + + +### sortBy(arr, iterator, callback) + +Sorts a list by the results of running each `arr` value through an async `iterator`. + +__Arguments__ + +* `arr` - An array to iterate over. +* `iterator(item, callback)` - A function to apply to each item in `arr`. + The iterator is passed a `callback(err, sortValue)` which must be called once it + has completed with an error (which can be `null`) and a value to use as the sort + criteria. +* `callback(err, results)` - A callback which is called after all the `iterator` + functions have finished, or an error occurs. Results is the items from + the original `arr` sorted by the values returned by the `iterator` calls. + +__Example__ + +```js +async.sortBy(['file1','file2','file3'], function(file, callback){ + fs.stat(file, function(err, stats){ + callback(err, stats.mtime); + }); +}, function(err, results){ + // results is now the original array of files sorted by + // modified date +}); +``` + +__Sort Order__ + +By modifying the callback parameter the sorting order can be influenced: + +```js +//ascending order +async.sortBy([1,9,3,5], function(x, callback){ + callback(err, x); +}, function(err,result){ + //result callback +} ); + +//descending order +async.sortBy([1,9,3,5], function(x, callback){ + callback(err, x*-1); //<- x*-1 instead of x, turns the order around +}, function(err,result){ + //result callback +} ); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### some(arr, iterator, callback) + +__Alias:__ `any` + +Returns `true` if at least one element in the `arr` satisfies an async test. +_The callback for each iterator call only accepts a single argument of `true` or +`false`; it does not accept an error argument first!_ This is in-line with the +way node libraries work with truth tests like `fs.exists`. Once any iterator +call returns `true`, the main `callback` is immediately called. + +__Arguments__ + +* `arr` - An array to iterate over. +* `iterator(item, callback)` - A truth test to apply to each item in the array + in parallel. The iterator is passed a callback(truthValue) which must be + called with a boolean argument once it has completed. +* `callback(result)` - A callback which is called as soon as any iterator returns + `true`, or after all the iterator functions have finished. Result will be + either `true` or `false` depending on the values of the async tests. + +__Example__ + +```js +async.some(['file1','file2','file3'], fs.exists, function(result){ + // if result is true then at least one of the files exists +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### every(arr, iterator, callback) + +__Alias:__ `all` + +Returns `true` if every element in `arr` satisfies an async test. +_The callback for each `iterator` call only accepts a single argument of `true` or +`false`; it does not accept an error argument first!_ This is in-line with the +way node libraries work with truth tests like `fs.exists`. + +__Arguments__ + +* `arr` - An array to iterate over. +* `iterator(item, callback)` - A truth test to apply to each item in the array + in parallel. The iterator is passed a callback(truthValue) which must be + called with a boolean argument once it has completed. +* `callback(result)` - A callback which is called after all the `iterator` + functions have finished. Result will be either `true` or `false` depending on + the values of the async tests. + +__Example__ + +```js +async.every(['file1','file2','file3'], fs.exists, function(result){ + // if result is true then every file exists +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### concat(arr, iterator, callback) + +Applies `iterator` to each item in `arr`, concatenating the results. Returns the +concatenated list. The `iterator`s are called in parallel, and the results are +concatenated as they return. There is no guarantee that the results array will +be returned in the original order of `arr` passed to the `iterator` function. + +__Arguments__ + +* `arr` - An array to iterate over. +* `iterator(item, callback)` - A function to apply to each item in `arr`. + The iterator is passed a `callback(err, results)` which must be called once it + has completed with an error (which can be `null`) and an array of results. +* `callback(err, results)` - A callback which is called after all the `iterator` + functions have finished, or an error occurs. Results is an array containing + the concatenated results of the `iterator` function. + +__Example__ + +```js +async.concat(['dir1','dir2','dir3'], fs.readdir, function(err, files){ + // files is now a list of filenames that exist in the 3 directories +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### concatSeries(arr, iterator, callback) + +Same as [`concat`](#concat), but executes in series instead of parallel. + + +## Control Flow + + +### series(tasks, [callback]) + +Run the functions in the `tasks` array in series, each one running once the previous +function has completed. If any functions in the series pass an error to its +callback, no more functions are run, and `callback` is immediately called with the value of the error. +Otherwise, `callback` receives an array of results when `tasks` have completed. + +It is also possible to use an object instead of an array. Each property will be +run as a function, and the results will be passed to the final `callback` as an object +instead of an array. This can be a more readable way of handling results from +[`series`](#series). + +**Note** that while many implementations preserve the order of object properties, the +[ECMAScript Language Specifcation](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-8.6) +explicitly states that + +> The mechanics and order of enumerating the properties is not specified. + +So if you rely on the order in which your series of functions are executed, and want +this to work on all platforms, consider using an array. + +__Arguments__ + +* `tasks` - An array or object containing functions to run, each function is passed + a `callback(err, result)` it must call on completion with an error `err` (which can + be `null`) and an optional `result` value. +* `callback(err, results)` - An optional callback to run once all the functions + have completed. This function gets a results array (or object) containing all + the result arguments passed to the `task` callbacks. + +__Example__ + +```js +async.series([ + function(callback){ + // do some stuff ... + callback(null, 'one'); + }, + function(callback){ + // do some more stuff ... + callback(null, 'two'); + } +], +// optional callback +function(err, results){ + // results is now equal to ['one', 'two'] +}); + + +// an example using an object instead of an array +async.series({ + one: function(callback){ + setTimeout(function(){ + callback(null, 1); + }, 200); + }, + two: function(callback){ + setTimeout(function(){ + callback(null, 2); + }, 100); + } +}, +function(err, results) { + // results is now equal to: {one: 1, two: 2} +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### parallel(tasks, [callback]) + +Run the `tasks` array of functions in parallel, without waiting until the previous +function has completed. If any of the functions pass an error to its +callback, the main `callback` is immediately called with the value of the error. +Once the `tasks` have completed, the results are passed to the final `callback` as an +array. + +It is also possible to use an object instead of an array. Each property will be +run as a function and the results will be passed to the final `callback` as an object +instead of an array. This can be a more readable way of handling results from +[`parallel`](#parallel). + + +__Arguments__ + +* `tasks` - An array or object containing functions to run. Each function is passed + a `callback(err, result)` which it must call on completion with an error `err` + (which can be `null`) and an optional `result` value. +* `callback(err, results)` - An optional callback to run once all the functions + have completed. This function gets a results array (or object) containing all + the result arguments passed to the task callbacks. + +__Example__ + +```js +async.parallel([ + function(callback){ + setTimeout(function(){ + callback(null, 'one'); + }, 200); + }, + function(callback){ + setTimeout(function(){ + callback(null, 'two'); + }, 100); + } +], +// optional callback +function(err, results){ + // the results array will equal ['one','two'] even though + // the second function had a shorter timeout. +}); + + +// an example using an object instead of an array +async.parallel({ + one: function(callback){ + setTimeout(function(){ + callback(null, 1); + }, 200); + }, + two: function(callback){ + setTimeout(function(){ + callback(null, 2); + }, 100); + } +}, +function(err, results) { + // results is now equals to: {one: 1, two: 2} +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### parallelLimit(tasks, limit, [callback]) + +The same as [`parallel`](#parallel), only `tasks` are executed in parallel +with a maximum of `limit` tasks executing at any time. + +Note that the `tasks` are not executed in batches, so there is no guarantee that +the first `limit` tasks will complete before any others are started. + +__Arguments__ + +* `tasks` - An array or object containing functions to run, each function is passed + a `callback(err, result)` it must call on completion with an error `err` (which can + be `null`) and an optional `result` value. +* `limit` - The maximum number of `tasks` to run at any time. +* `callback(err, results)` - An optional callback to run once all the functions + have completed. This function gets a results array (or object) containing all + the result arguments passed to the `task` callbacks. + +--------------------------------------- + + +### whilst(test, fn, callback) + +Repeatedly call `fn`, while `test` returns `true`. Calls `callback` when stopped, +or an error occurs. + +__Arguments__ + +* `test()` - synchronous truth test to perform before each execution of `fn`. +* `fn(callback)` - A function which is called each time `test` passes. The function is + passed a `callback(err)`, which must be called once it has completed with an + optional `err` argument. +* `callback(err)` - A callback which is called after the test fails and repeated + execution of `fn` has stopped. + +__Example__ + +```js +var count = 0; + +async.whilst( + function () { return count < 5; }, + function (callback) { + count++; + setTimeout(callback, 1000); + }, + function (err) { + // 5 seconds have passed + } +); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### doWhilst(fn, test, callback) + +The post-check version of [`whilst`](#whilst). To reflect the difference in +the order of operations, the arguments `test` and `fn` are switched. + +`doWhilst` is to `whilst` as `do while` is to `while` in plain JavaScript. + +--------------------------------------- + + +### until(test, fn, callback) + +Repeatedly call `fn` until `test` returns `true`. Calls `callback` when stopped, +or an error occurs. + +The inverse of [`whilst`](#whilst). + +--------------------------------------- + + +### doUntil(fn, test, callback) + +Like [`doWhilst`](#doWhilst), except the `test` is inverted. Note the argument ordering differs from `until`. + +--------------------------------------- + + +### forever(fn, errback) + +Calls the asynchronous function `fn` with a callback parameter that allows it to +call itself again, in series, indefinitely. + +If an error is passed to the callback then `errback` is called with the +error, and execution stops, otherwise it will never be called. + +```js +async.forever( + function(next) { + // next is suitable for passing to things that need a callback(err [, whatever]); + // it will result in this function being called again. + }, + function(err) { + // if next is called with a value in its first parameter, it will appear + // in here as 'err', and execution will stop. + } +); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### waterfall(tasks, [callback]) + +Runs the `tasks` array of functions in series, each passing their results to the next in +the array. However, if any of the `tasks` pass an error to their own callback, the +next function is not executed, and the main `callback` is immediately called with +the error. + +__Arguments__ + +* `tasks` - An array of functions to run, each function is passed a + `callback(err, result1, result2, ...)` it must call on completion. The first + argument is an error (which can be `null`) and any further arguments will be + passed as arguments in order to the next task. +* `callback(err, [results])` - An optional callback to run once all the functions + have completed. This will be passed the results of the last task's callback. + + + +__Example__ + +```js +async.waterfall([ + function(callback){ + callback(null, 'one', 'two'); + }, + function(arg1, arg2, callback){ + // arg1 now equals 'one' and arg2 now equals 'two' + callback(null, 'three'); + }, + function(arg1, callback){ + // arg1 now equals 'three' + callback(null, 'done'); + } +], function (err, result) { + // result now equals 'done' +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + +### compose(fn1, fn2...) + +Creates a function which is a composition of the passed asynchronous +functions. Each function consumes the return value of the function that +follows. Composing functions `f()`, `g()`, and `h()` would produce the result of +`f(g(h()))`, only this version uses callbacks to obtain the return values. + +Each function is executed with the `this` binding of the composed function. + +__Arguments__ + +* `functions...` - the asynchronous functions to compose + + +__Example__ + +```js +function add1(n, callback) { + setTimeout(function () { + callback(null, n + 1); + }, 10); +} + +function mul3(n, callback) { + setTimeout(function () { + callback(null, n * 3); + }, 10); +} + +var add1mul3 = async.compose(mul3, add1); + +add1mul3(4, function (err, result) { + // result now equals 15 +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + +### seq(fn1, fn2...) + +Version of the compose function that is more natural to read. +Each following function consumes the return value of the latter function. + +Each function is executed with the `this` binding of the composed function. + +__Arguments__ + +* functions... - the asynchronous functions to compose + + +__Example__ + +```js +// Requires lodash (or underscore), express3 and dresende's orm2. +// Part of an app, that fetches cats of the logged user. +// This example uses `seq` function to avoid overnesting and error +// handling clutter. +app.get('/cats', function(request, response) { + function handleError(err, data, callback) { + if (err) { + console.error(err); + response.json({ status: 'error', message: err.message }); + } + else { + callback(data); + } + } + var User = request.models.User; + async.seq( + _.bind(User.get, User), // 'User.get' has signature (id, callback(err, data)) + handleError, + function(user, fn) { + user.getCats(fn); // 'getCats' has signature (callback(err, data)) + }, + handleError, + function(cats) { + response.json({ status: 'ok', message: 'Cats found', data: cats }); + } + )(req.session.user_id); + } +}); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + +### applyEach(fns, args..., callback) + +Applies the provided arguments to each function in the array, calling +`callback` after all functions have completed. If you only provide the first +argument, then it will return a function which lets you pass in the +arguments as if it were a single function call. + +__Arguments__ + +* `fns` - the asynchronous functions to all call with the same arguments +* `args...` - any number of separate arguments to pass to the function +* `callback` - the final argument should be the callback, called when all + functions have completed processing + + +__Example__ + +```js +async.applyEach([enableSearch, updateSchema], 'bucket', callback); + +// partial application example: +async.each( + buckets, + async.applyEach([enableSearch, updateSchema]), + callback +); +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### applyEachSeries(arr, iterator, callback) + +The same as [`applyEach`](#applyEach) only the functions are applied in series. + +--------------------------------------- + + +### queue(worker, concurrency) + +Creates a `queue` object with the specified `concurrency`. Tasks added to the +`queue` are processed in parallel (up to the `concurrency` limit). If all +`worker`s are in progress, the task is queued until one becomes available. +Once a `worker` completes a `task`, that `task`'s callback is called. + +__Arguments__ + +* `worker(task, callback)` - An asynchronous function for processing a queued + task, which must call its `callback(err)` argument when finished, with an + optional `error` as an argument. +* `concurrency` - An `integer` for determining how many `worker` functions should be + run in parallel. + +__Queue objects__ + +The `queue` object returned by this function has the following properties and +methods: + +* `length()` - a function returning the number of items waiting to be processed. +* `started` - a function returning whether or not any items have been pushed and processed by the queue +* `running()` - a function returning the number of items currently being processed. +* `idle()` - a function returning false if there are items waiting or being processed, or true if not. +* `concurrency` - an integer for determining how many `worker` functions should be + run in parallel. This property can be changed after a `queue` is created to + alter the concurrency on-the-fly. +* `push(task, [callback])` - add a new task to the `queue`. Calls `callback` once + the `worker` has finished processing the task. Instead of a single task, a `tasks` array + can be submitted. The respective callback is used for every task in the list. +* `unshift(task, [callback])` - add a new task to the front of the `queue`. +* `saturated` - a callback that is called when the `queue` length hits the `concurrency` limit, + and further tasks will be queued. +* `empty` - a callback that is called when the last item from the `queue` is given to a `worker`. +* `drain` - a callback that is called when the last item from the `queue` has returned from the `worker`. +* `paused` - a boolean for determining whether the queue is in a paused state +* `pause()` - a function that pauses the processing of tasks until `resume()` is called. +* `resume()` - a function that resumes the processing of queued tasks when the queue is paused. +* `kill()` - a function that empties remaining tasks from the queue forcing it to go idle. + +__Example__ + +```js +// create a queue object with concurrency 2 + +var q = async.queue(function (task, callback) { + console.log('hello ' + task.name); + callback(); +}, 2); + + +// assign a callback +q.drain = function() { + console.log('all items have been processed'); +} + +// add some items to the queue + +q.push({name: 'foo'}, function (err) { + console.log('finished processing foo'); +}); +q.push({name: 'bar'}, function (err) { + console.log('finished processing bar'); +}); + +// add some items to the queue (batch-wise) + +q.push([{name: 'baz'},{name: 'bay'},{name: 'bax'}], function (err) { + console.log('finished processing bar'); +}); + +// add some items to the front of the queue + +q.unshift({name: 'bar'}, function (err) { + console.log('finished processing bar'); +}); +``` + + +--------------------------------------- + + +### priorityQueue(worker, concurrency) + +The same as [`queue`](#queue) only tasks are assigned a priority and completed in ascending priority order. There are two differences between `queue` and `priorityQueue` objects: + +* `push(task, priority, [callback])` - `priority` should be a number. If an array of + `tasks` is given, all tasks will be assigned the same priority. +* The `unshift` method was removed. + +--------------------------------------- + + +### cargo(worker, [payload]) + +Creates a `cargo` object with the specified payload. Tasks added to the +cargo will be processed altogether (up to the `payload` limit). If the +`worker` is in progress, the task is queued until it becomes available. Once +the `worker` has completed some tasks, each callback of those tasks is called. +Check out [this animation](https://camo.githubusercontent.com/6bbd36f4cf5b35a0f11a96dcd2e97711ffc2fb37/68747470733a2f2f662e636c6f75642e6769746875622e636f6d2f6173736574732f313637363837312f36383130382f62626330636662302d356632392d313165322d393734662d3333393763363464633835382e676966) for how `cargo` and `queue` work. + +While [queue](#queue) passes only one task to one of a group of workers +at a time, cargo passes an array of tasks to a single worker, repeating +when the worker is finished. + +__Arguments__ + +* `worker(tasks, callback)` - An asynchronous function for processing an array of + queued tasks, which must call its `callback(err)` argument when finished, with + an optional `err` argument. +* `payload` - An optional `integer` for determining how many tasks should be + processed per round; if omitted, the default is unlimited. + +__Cargo objects__ + +The `cargo` object returned by this function has the following properties and +methods: + +* `length()` - A function returning the number of items waiting to be processed. +* `payload` - An `integer` for determining how many tasks should be + process per round. This property can be changed after a `cargo` is created to + alter the payload on-the-fly. +* `push(task, [callback])` - Adds `task` to the `queue`. The callback is called + once the `worker` has finished processing the task. Instead of a single task, an array of `tasks` + can be submitted. The respective callback is used for every task in the list. +* `saturated` - A callback that is called when the `queue.length()` hits the concurrency and further tasks will be queued. +* `empty` - A callback that is called when the last item from the `queue` is given to a `worker`. +* `drain` - A callback that is called when the last item from the `queue` has returned from the `worker`. + +__Example__ + +```js +// create a cargo object with payload 2 + +var cargo = async.cargo(function (tasks, callback) { + for(var i=0; i +### auto(tasks, [callback]) + +Determines the best order for running the functions in `tasks`, based on their +requirements. Each function can optionally depend on other functions being completed +first, and each function is run as soon as its requirements are satisfied. + +If any of the functions pass an error to their callback, it will not +complete (so any other functions depending on it will not run), and the main +`callback` is immediately called with the error. Functions also receive an +object containing the results of functions which have completed so far. + +Note, all functions are called with a `results` object as a second argument, +so it is unsafe to pass functions in the `tasks` object which cannot handle the +extra argument. + +For example, this snippet of code: + +```js +async.auto({ + readData: async.apply(fs.readFile, 'data.txt', 'utf-8') +}, callback); +``` + +will have the effect of calling `readFile` with the results object as the last +argument, which will fail: + +```js +fs.readFile('data.txt', 'utf-8', cb, {}); +``` + +Instead, wrap the call to `readFile` in a function which does not forward the +`results` object: + +```js +async.auto({ + readData: function(cb, results){ + fs.readFile('data.txt', 'utf-8', cb); + } +}, callback); +``` + +__Arguments__ + +* `tasks` - An object. Each of its properties is either a function or an array of + requirements, with the function itself the last item in the array. The object's key + of a property serves as the name of the task defined by that property, + i.e. can be used when specifying requirements for other tasks. + The function receives two arguments: (1) a `callback(err, result)` which must be + called when finished, passing an `error` (which can be `null`) and the result of + the function's execution, and (2) a `results` object, containing the results of + the previously executed functions. +* `callback(err, results)` - An optional callback which is called when all the + tasks have been completed. It receives the `err` argument if any `tasks` + pass an error to their callback. Results are always returned; however, if + an error occurs, no further `tasks` will be performed, and the results + object will only contain partial results. + + +__Example__ + +```js +async.auto({ + get_data: function(callback){ + console.log('in get_data'); + // async code to get some data + callback(null, 'data', 'converted to array'); + }, + make_folder: function(callback){ + console.log('in make_folder'); + // async code to create a directory to store a file in + // this is run at the same time as getting the data + callback(null, 'folder'); + }, + write_file: ['get_data', 'make_folder', function(callback, results){ + console.log('in write_file', JSON.stringify(results)); + // once there is some data and the directory exists, + // write the data to a file in the directory + callback(null, 'filename'); + }], + email_link: ['write_file', function(callback, results){ + console.log('in email_link', JSON.stringify(results)); + // once the file is written let's email a link to it... + // results.write_file contains the filename returned by write_file. + callback(null, {'file':results.write_file, 'email':'user@example.com'}); + }] +}, function(err, results) { + console.log('err = ', err); + console.log('results = ', results); +}); +``` + +This is a fairly trivial example, but to do this using the basic parallel and +series functions would look like this: + +```js +async.parallel([ + function(callback){ + console.log('in get_data'); + // async code to get some data + callback(null, 'data', 'converted to array'); + }, + function(callback){ + console.log('in make_folder'); + // async code to create a directory to store a file in + // this is run at the same time as getting the data + callback(null, 'folder'); + } +], +function(err, results){ + async.series([ + function(callback){ + console.log('in write_file', JSON.stringify(results)); + // once there is some data and the directory exists, + // write the data to a file in the directory + results.push('filename'); + callback(null); + }, + function(callback){ + console.log('in email_link', JSON.stringify(results)); + // once the file is written let's email a link to it... + callback(null, {'file':results.pop(), 'email':'user@example.com'}); + } + ]); +}); +``` + +For a complicated series of `async` tasks, using the [`auto`](#auto) function makes adding +new tasks much easier (and the code more readable). + + +--------------------------------------- + + +### retry([times = 5], task, [callback]) + +Attempts to get a successful response from `task` no more than `times` times before +returning an error. If the task is successful, the `callback` will be passed the result +of the successfull task. If all attemps fail, the callback will be passed the error and +result (if any) of the final attempt. + +__Arguments__ + +* `times` - An integer indicating how many times to attempt the `task` before giving up. Defaults to 5. +* `task(callback, results)` - A function which receives two arguments: (1) a `callback(err, result)` + which must be called when finished, passing `err` (which can be `null`) and the `result` of + the function's execution, and (2) a `results` object, containing the results of + the previously executed functions (if nested inside another control flow). +* `callback(err, results)` - An optional callback which is called when the + task has succeeded, or after the final failed attempt. It receives the `err` and `result` arguments of the last attempt at completing the `task`. + +The [`retry`](#retry) function can be used as a stand-alone control flow by passing a +callback, as shown below: + +```js +async.retry(3, apiMethod, function(err, result) { + // do something with the result +}); +``` + +It can also be embeded within other control flow functions to retry individual methods +that are not as reliable, like this: + +```js +async.auto({ + users: api.getUsers.bind(api), + payments: async.retry(3, api.getPayments.bind(api)) +}, function(err, results) { + // do something with the results +}); +``` + + +--------------------------------------- + + +### iterator(tasks) + +Creates an iterator function which calls the next function in the `tasks` array, +returning a continuation to call the next one after that. It's also possible to +“peek” at the next iterator with `iterator.next()`. + +This function is used internally by the `async` module, but can be useful when +you want to manually control the flow of functions in series. + +__Arguments__ + +* `tasks` - An array of functions to run. + +__Example__ + +```js +var iterator = async.iterator([ + function(){ sys.p('one'); }, + function(){ sys.p('two'); }, + function(){ sys.p('three'); } +]); + +node> var iterator2 = iterator(); +'one' +node> var iterator3 = iterator2(); +'two' +node> iterator3(); +'three' +node> var nextfn = iterator2.next(); +node> nextfn(); +'three' +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### apply(function, arguments..) + +Creates a continuation function with some arguments already applied. + +Useful as a shorthand when combined with other control flow functions. Any arguments +passed to the returned function are added to the arguments originally passed +to apply. + +__Arguments__ + +* `function` - The function you want to eventually apply all arguments to. +* `arguments...` - Any number of arguments to automatically apply when the + continuation is called. + +__Example__ + +```js +// using apply + +async.parallel([ + async.apply(fs.writeFile, 'testfile1', 'test1'), + async.apply(fs.writeFile, 'testfile2', 'test2'), +]); + + +// the same process without using apply + +async.parallel([ + function(callback){ + fs.writeFile('testfile1', 'test1', callback); + }, + function(callback){ + fs.writeFile('testfile2', 'test2', callback); + } +]); +``` + +It's possible to pass any number of additional arguments when calling the +continuation: + +```js +node> var fn = async.apply(sys.puts, 'one'); +node> fn('two', 'three'); +one +two +three +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### nextTick(callback) + +Calls `callback` on a later loop around the event loop. In Node.js this just +calls `process.nextTick`; in the browser it falls back to `setImmediate(callback)` +if available, otherwise `setTimeout(callback, 0)`, which means other higher priority +events may precede the execution of `callback`. + +This is used internally for browser-compatibility purposes. + +__Arguments__ + +* `callback` - The function to call on a later loop around the event loop. + +__Example__ + +```js +var call_order = []; +async.nextTick(function(){ + call_order.push('two'); + // call_order now equals ['one','two'] +}); +call_order.push('one') +``` + + +### times(n, callback) + +Calls the `callback` function `n` times, and accumulates results in the same manner +you would use with [`map`](#map). + +__Arguments__ + +* `n` - The number of times to run the function. +* `callback` - The function to call `n` times. + +__Example__ + +```js +// Pretend this is some complicated async factory +var createUser = function(id, callback) { + callback(null, { + id: 'user' + id + }) +} +// generate 5 users +async.times(5, function(n, next){ + createUser(n, function(err, user) { + next(err, user) + }) +}, function(err, users) { + // we should now have 5 users +}); +``` + + +### timesSeries(n, callback) + +The same as [`times`](#times), only the iterator is applied to each item in `arr` in +series. The next `iterator` is only called once the current one has completed. +The results array will be in the same order as the original. + + +## Utils + + +### memoize(fn, [hasher]) + +Caches the results of an `async` function. When creating a hash to store function +results against, the callback is omitted from the hash and an optional hash +function can be used. + +The cache of results is exposed as the `memo` property of the function returned +by `memoize`. + +__Arguments__ + +* `fn` - The function to proxy and cache results from. +* `hasher` - Tn optional function for generating a custom hash for storing + results. It has all the arguments applied to it apart from the callback, and + must be synchronous. + +__Example__ + +```js +var slow_fn = function (name, callback) { + // do something + callback(null, result); +}; +var fn = async.memoize(slow_fn); + +// fn can now be used as if it were slow_fn +fn('some name', function () { + // callback +}); +``` + + +### unmemoize(fn) + +Undoes a [`memoize`](#memoize)d function, reverting it to the original, unmemoized +form. Handy for testing. + +__Arguments__ + +* `fn` - the memoized function + + +### log(function, arguments) + +Logs the result of an `async` function to the `console`. Only works in Node.js or +in browsers that support `console.log` and `console.error` (such as FF and Chrome). +If multiple arguments are returned from the async function, `console.log` is +called on each argument in order. + +__Arguments__ + +* `function` - The function you want to eventually apply all arguments to. +* `arguments...` - Any number of arguments to apply to the function. + +__Example__ + +```js +var hello = function(name, callback){ + setTimeout(function(){ + callback(null, 'hello ' + name); + }, 1000); +}; +``` +```js +node> async.log(hello, 'world'); +'hello world' +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### dir(function, arguments) + +Logs the result of an `async` function to the `console` using `console.dir` to +display the properties of the resulting object. Only works in Node.js or +in browsers that support `console.dir` and `console.error` (such as FF and Chrome). +If multiple arguments are returned from the async function, `console.dir` is +called on each argument in order. + +__Arguments__ + +* `function` - The function you want to eventually apply all arguments to. +* `arguments...` - Any number of arguments to apply to the function. + +__Example__ + +```js +var hello = function(name, callback){ + setTimeout(function(){ + callback(null, {hello: name}); + }, 1000); +}; +``` +```js +node> async.dir(hello, 'world'); +{hello: 'world'} +``` + +--------------------------------------- + + +### noConflict() + +Changes the value of `async` back to its original value, returning a reference to the +`async` object. diff --git a/node_modules/async/component.json b/node_modules/async/component.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..bbb0115 --- /dev/null +++ b/node_modules/async/component.json @@ -0,0 +1,11 @@ +{ + "name": "async", + "repo": "caolan/async", + "description": "Higher-order functions and common patterns for asynchronous code", + "version": "0.1.23", + "keywords": [], + "dependencies": {}, + "development": {}, + "main": "lib/async.js", + "scripts": [ "lib/async.js" ] +} diff --git a/node_modules/async/lib/async.js b/node_modules/async/lib/async.js new file mode 100755 index 0000000..01e8afc --- /dev/null +++ b/node_modules/async/lib/async.js @@ -0,0 +1,1123 @@ +/*! + * async + * https://github.com/caolan/async + * + * Copyright 2010-2014 Caolan McMahon + * Released under the MIT license + */ +/*jshint onevar: false, indent:4 */ +/*global setImmediate: false, setTimeout: false, console: false */ +(function () { + + var async = {}; + + // global on the server, window in the browser + var root, previous_async; + + root = this; + if (root != null) { + previous_async = root.async; + } + + async.noConflict = function () { + root.async = previous_async; + return async; + }; + + function only_once(fn) { + var called = false; + return function() { + if (called) throw new Error("Callback was already called."); + called = true; + fn.apply(root, arguments); + } + } + + //// cross-browser compatiblity functions //// + + var _toString = Object.prototype.toString; + + var _isArray = Array.isArray || function (obj) { + return _toString.call(obj) === '[object Array]'; + }; + + var _each = function (arr, iterator) { + if (arr.forEach) { + return arr.forEach(iterator); + } + for (var i = 0; i < arr.length; i += 1) { + iterator(arr[i], i, arr); + } + }; + + var _map = function (arr, iterator) { + if (arr.map) { + return arr.map(iterator); + } + var results = []; + _each(arr, function (x, i, a) { + results.push(iterator(x, i, a)); + }); + return results; + }; + + var _reduce = function (arr, iterator, memo) { + if (arr.reduce) { + return arr.reduce(iterator, memo); + } + _each(arr, function (x, i, a) { + memo = iterator(memo, x, i, a); + }); + return memo; + }; + + var _keys = function (obj) { + if (Object.keys) { + return Object.keys(obj); + } + var keys = []; + for (var k in obj) { + if (obj.hasOwnProperty(k)) { + keys.push(k); + } + } + return keys; + }; + + //// exported async module functions //// + + //// nextTick implementation with browser-compatible fallback //// + if (typeof process === 'undefined' || !(process.nextTick)) { + if (typeof setImmediate === 'function') { + async.nextTick = function (fn) { + // not a direct alias for IE10 compatibility + setImmediate(fn); + }; + async.setImmediate = async.nextTick; + } + else { + async.nextTick = function (fn) { + setTimeout(fn, 0); + }; + async.setImmediate = async.nextTick; + } + } + else { + async.nextTick = process.nextTick; + if (typeof setImmediate !== 'undefined') { + async.setImmediate = function (fn) { + // not a direct alias for IE10 compatibility + setImmediate(fn); + }; + } + else { + async.setImmediate = async.nextTick; + } + } + + async.each = function (arr, iterator, callback) { + callback = callback || function () {}; + if (!arr.length) { + return callback(); + } + var completed = 0; + _each(arr, function (x) { + iterator(x, only_once(done) ); + }); + function done(err) { + if (err) { + callback(err); + callback = function () {}; + } + else { + completed += 1; + if (completed >= arr.length) { + callback(); + } + } + } + }; + async.forEach = async.each; + + async.eachSeries = function (arr, iterator, callback) { + callback = callback || function () {}; + if (!arr.length) { + return callback(); + } + var completed = 0; + var iterate = function () { + iterator(arr[completed], function (err) { + if (err) { + callback(err); + callback = function () {}; + } + else { + completed += 1; + if (completed >= arr.length) { + callback(); + } + else { + iterate(); + } + } + }); + }; + iterate(); + }; + async.forEachSeries = async.eachSeries; + + async.eachLimit = function (arr, limit, iterator, callback) { + var fn = _eachLimit(limit); + fn.apply(null, [arr, iterator, callback]); + }; + async.forEachLimit = async.eachLimit; + + var _eachLimit = function (limit) { + + return function (arr, iterator, callback) { + callback = callback || function () {}; + if (!arr.length || limit <= 0) { + return callback(); + } + var completed = 0; + var started = 0; + var running = 0; + + (function replenish () { + if (completed >= arr.length) { + return callback(); + } + + while (running < limit && started < arr.length) { + started += 1; + running += 1; + iterator(arr[started - 1], function (err) { + if (err) { + callback(err); + callback = function () {}; + } + else { + completed += 1; + running -= 1; + if (completed >= arr.length) { + callback(); + } + else { + replenish(); + } + } + }); + } + })(); + }; + }; + + + var doParallel = function (fn) { + return function () { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); + return fn.apply(null, [async.each].concat(args)); + }; + }; + var doParallelLimit = function(limit, fn) { + return function () { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); + return fn.apply(null, [_eachLimit(limit)].concat(args)); + }; + }; + var doSeries = function (fn) { + return function () { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); + return fn.apply(null, [async.eachSeries].concat(args)); + }; + }; + + + var _asyncMap = function (eachfn, arr, iterator, callback) { + arr = _map(arr, function (x, i) { + return {index: i, value: x}; + }); + if (!callback) { + eachfn(arr, function (x, callback) { + iterator(x.value, function (err) { + callback(err); + }); + }); + } else { + var results = []; + eachfn(arr, function (x, callback) { + iterator(x.value, function (err, v) { + results[x.index] = v; + callback(err); + }); + }, function (err) { + callback(err, results); + }); + } + }; + async.map = doParallel(_asyncMap); + async.mapSeries = doSeries(_asyncMap); + async.mapLimit = function (arr, limit, iterator, callback) { + return _mapLimit(limit)(arr, iterator, callback); + }; + + var _mapLimit = function(limit) { + return doParallelLimit(limit, _asyncMap); + }; + + // reduce only has a series version, as doing reduce in parallel won't + // work in many situations. + async.reduce = function (arr, memo, iterator, callback) { + async.eachSeries(arr, function (x, callback) { + iterator(memo, x, function (err, v) { + memo = v; + callback(err); + }); + }, function (err) { + callback(err, memo); + }); + }; + // inject alias + async.inject = async.reduce; + // foldl alias + async.foldl = async.reduce; + + async.reduceRight = function (arr, memo, iterator, callback) { + var reversed = _map(arr, function (x) { + return x; + }).reverse(); + async.reduce(reversed, memo, iterator, callback); + }; + // foldr alias + async.foldr = async.reduceRight; + + var _filter = function (eachfn, arr, iterator, callback) { + var results = []; + arr = _map(arr, function (x, i) { + return {index: i, value: x}; + }); + eachfn(arr, function (x, callback) { + iterator(x.value, function (v) { + if (v) { + results.push(x); + } + callback(); + }); + }, function (err) { + callback(_map(results.sort(function (a, b) { + return a.index - b.index; + }), function (x) { + return x.value; + })); + }); + }; + async.filter = doParallel(_filter); + async.filterSeries = doSeries(_filter); + // select alias + async.select = async.filter; + async.selectSeries = async.filterSeries; + + var _reject = function (eachfn, arr, iterator, callback) { + var results = []; + arr = _map(arr, function (x, i) { + return {index: i, value: x}; + }); + eachfn(arr, function (x, callback) { + iterator(x.value, function (v) { + if (!v) { + results.push(x); + } + callback(); + }); + }, function (err) { + callback(_map(results.sort(function (a, b) { + return a.index - b.index; + }), function (x) { + return x.value; + })); + }); + }; + async.reject = doParallel(_reject); + async.rejectSeries = doSeries(_reject); + + var _detect = function (eachfn, arr, iterator, main_callback) { + eachfn(arr, function (x, callback) { + iterator(x, function (result) { + if (result) { + main_callback(x); + main_callback = function () {}; + } + else { + callback(); + } + }); + }, function (err) { + main_callback(); + }); + }; + async.detect = doParallel(_detect); + async.detectSeries = doSeries(_detect); + + async.some = function (arr, iterator, main_callback) { + async.each(arr, function (x, callback) { + iterator(x, function (v) { + if (v) { + main_callback(true); + main_callback = function () {}; + } + callback(); + }); + }, function (err) { + main_callback(false); + }); + }; + // any alias + async.any = async.some; + + async.every = function (arr, iterator, main_callback) { + async.each(arr, function (x, callback) { + iterator(x, function (v) { + if (!v) { + main_callback(false); + main_callback = function () {}; + } + callback(); + }); + }, function (err) { + main_callback(true); + }); + }; + // all alias + async.all = async.every; + + async.sortBy = function (arr, iterator, callback) { + async.map(arr, function (x, callback) { + iterator(x, function (err, criteria) { + if (err) { + callback(err); + } + else { + callback(null, {value: x, criteria: criteria}); + } + }); + }, function (err, results) { + if (err) { + return callback(err); + } + else { + var fn = function (left, right) { + var a = left.criteria, b = right.criteria; + return a < b ? -1 : a > b ? 1 : 0; + }; + callback(null, _map(results.sort(fn), function (x) { + return x.value; + })); + } + }); + }; + + async.auto = function (tasks, callback) { + callback = callback || function () {}; + var keys = _keys(tasks); + var remainingTasks = keys.length + if (!remainingTasks) { + return callback(); + } + + var results = {}; + + var listeners = []; + var addListener = function (fn) { + listeners.unshift(fn); + }; + var removeListener = function (fn) { + for (var i = 0; i < listeners.length; i += 1) { + if (listeners[i] === fn) { + listeners.splice(i, 1); + return; + } + } + }; + var taskComplete = function () { + remainingTasks-- + _each(listeners.slice(0), function (fn) { + fn(); + }); + }; + + addListener(function () { + if (!remainingTasks) { + var theCallback = callback; + // prevent final callback from calling itself if it errors + callback = function () {}; + + theCallback(null, results); + } + }); + + _each(keys, function (k) { + var task = _isArray(tasks[k]) ? tasks[k]: [tasks[k]]; + var taskCallback = function (err) { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1); + if (args.length <= 1) { + args = args[0]; + } + if (err) { + var safeResults = {}; + _each(_keys(results), function(rkey) { + safeResults[rkey] = results[rkey]; + }); + safeResults[k] = args; + callback(err, safeResults); + // stop subsequent errors hitting callback multiple times + callback = function () {}; + } + else { + results[k] = args; + async.setImmediate(taskComplete); + } + }; + var requires = task.slice(0, Math.abs(task.length - 1)) || []; + var ready = function () { + return _reduce(requires, function (a, x) { + return (a && results.hasOwnProperty(x)); + }, true) && !results.hasOwnProperty(k); + }; + if (ready()) { + task[task.length - 1](taskCallback, results); + } + else { + var listener = function () { + if (ready()) { + removeListener(listener); + task[task.length - 1](taskCallback, results); + } + }; + addListener(listener); + } + }); + }; + + async.retry = function(times, task, callback) { + var DEFAULT_TIMES = 5; + var attempts = []; + // Use defaults if times not passed + if (typeof times === 'function') { + callback = task; + task = times; + times = DEFAULT_TIMES; + } + // Make sure times is a number + times = parseInt(times, 10) || DEFAULT_TIMES; + var wrappedTask = function(wrappedCallback, wrappedResults) { + var retryAttempt = function(task, finalAttempt) { + return function(seriesCallback) { + task(function(err, result){ + seriesCallback(!err || finalAttempt, {err: err, result: result}); + }, wrappedResults); + }; + }; + while (times) { + attempts.push(retryAttempt(task, !(times-=1))); + } + async.series(attempts, function(done, data){ + data = data[data.length - 1]; + (wrappedCallback || callback)(data.err, data.result); + }); + } + // If a callback is passed, run this as a controll flow + return callback ? wrappedTask() : wrappedTask + }; + + async.waterfall = function (tasks, callback) { + callback = callback || function () {}; + if (!_isArray(tasks)) { + var err = new Error('First argument to waterfall must be an array of functions'); + return callback(err); + } + if (!tasks.length) { + return callback(); + } + var wrapIterator = function (iterator) { + return function (err) { + if (err) { + callback.apply(null, arguments); + callback = function () {}; + } + else { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1); + var next = iterator.next(); + if (next) { + args.push(wrapIterator(next)); + } + else { + args.push(callback); + } + async.setImmediate(function () { + iterator.apply(null, args); + }); + } + }; + }; + wrapIterator(async.iterator(tasks))(); + }; + + var _parallel = function(eachfn, tasks, callback) { + callback = callback || function () {}; + if (_isArray(tasks)) { + eachfn.map(tasks, function (fn, callback) { + if (fn) { + fn(function (err) { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1); + if (args.length <= 1) { + args = args[0]; + } + callback.call(null, err, args); + }); + } + }, callback); + } + else { + var results = {}; + eachfn.each(_keys(tasks), function (k, callback) { + tasks[k](function (err) { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1); + if (args.length <= 1) { + args = args[0]; + } + results[k] = args; + callback(err); + }); + }, function (err) { + callback(err, results); + }); + } + }; + + async.parallel = function (tasks, callback) { + _parallel({ map: async.map, each: async.each }, tasks, callback); + }; + + async.parallelLimit = function(tasks, limit, callback) { + _parallel({ map: _mapLimit(limit), each: _eachLimit(limit) }, tasks, callback); + }; + + async.series = function (tasks, callback) { + callback = callback || function () {}; + if (_isArray(tasks)) { + async.mapSeries(tasks, function (fn, callback) { + if (fn) { + fn(function (err) { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1); + if (args.length <= 1) { + args = args[0]; + } + callback.call(null, err, args); + }); + } + }, callback); + } + else { + var results = {}; + async.eachSeries(_keys(tasks), function (k, callback) { + tasks[k](function (err) { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1); + if (args.length <= 1) { + args = args[0]; + } + results[k] = args; + callback(err); + }); + }, function (err) { + callback(err, results); + }); + } + }; + + async.iterator = function (tasks) { + var makeCallback = function (index) { + var fn = function () { + if (tasks.length) { + tasks[index].apply(null, arguments); + } + return fn.next(); + }; + fn.next = function () { + return (index < tasks.length - 1) ? makeCallback(index + 1): null; + }; + return fn; + }; + return makeCallback(0); + }; + + async.apply = function (fn) { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1); + return function () { + return fn.apply( + null, args.concat(Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments)) + ); + }; + }; + + var _concat = function (eachfn, arr, fn, callback) { + var r = []; + eachfn(arr, function (x, cb) { + fn(x, function (err, y) { + r = r.concat(y || []); + cb(err); + }); + }, function (err) { + callback(err, r); + }); + }; + async.concat = doParallel(_concat); + async.concatSeries = doSeries(_concat); + + async.whilst = function (test, iterator, callback) { + if (test()) { + iterator(function (err) { + if (err) { + return callback(err); + } + async.whilst(test, iterator, callback); + }); + } + else { + callback(); + } + }; + + async.doWhilst = function (iterator, test, callback) { + iterator(function (err) { + if (err) { + return callback(err); + } + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1); + if (test.apply(null, args)) { + async.doWhilst(iterator, test, callback); + } + else { + callback(); + } + }); + }; + + async.until = function (test, iterator, callback) { + if (!test()) { + iterator(function (err) { + if (err) { + return callback(err); + } + async.until(test, iterator, callback); + }); + } + else { + callback(); + } + }; + + async.doUntil = function (iterator, test, callback) { + iterator(function (err) { + if (err) { + return callback(err); + } + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1); + if (!test.apply(null, args)) { + async.doUntil(iterator, test, callback); + } + else { + callback(); + } + }); + }; + + async.queue = function (worker, concurrency) { + if (concurrency === undefined) { + concurrency = 1; + } + function _insert(q, data, pos, callback) { + if (!q.started){ + q.started = true; + } + if (!_isArray(data)) { + data = [data]; + } + if(data.length == 0) { + // call drain immediately if there are no tasks + return async.setImmediate(function() { + if (q.drain) { + q.drain(); + } + }); + } + _each(data, function(task) { + var item = { + data: task, + callback: typeof callback === 'function' ? callback : null + }; + + if (pos) { + q.tasks.unshift(item); + } else { + q.tasks.push(item); + } + + if (q.saturated && q.tasks.length === q.concurrency) { + q.saturated(); + } + async.setImmediate(q.process); + }); + } + + var workers = 0; + var q = { + tasks: [], + concurrency: concurrency, + saturated: null, + empty: null, + drain: null, + started: false, + paused: false, + push: function (data, callback) { + _insert(q, data, false, callback); + }, + kill: function () { + q.drain = null; + q.tasks = []; + }, + unshift: function (data, callback) { + _insert(q, data, true, callback); + }, + process: function () { + if (!q.paused && workers < q.concurrency && q.tasks.length) { + var task = q.tasks.shift(); + if (q.empty && q.tasks.length === 0) { + q.empty(); + } + workers += 1; + var next = function () { + workers -= 1; + if (task.callback) { + task.callback.apply(task, arguments); + } + if (q.drain && q.tasks.length + workers === 0) { + q.drain(); + } + q.process(); + }; + var cb = only_once(next); + worker(task.data, cb); + } + }, + length: function () { + return q.tasks.length; + }, + running: function () { + return workers; + }, + idle: function() { + return q.tasks.length + workers === 0; + }, + pause: function () { + if (q.paused === true) { return; } + q.paused = true; + q.process(); + }, + resume: function () { + if (q.paused === false) { return; } + q.paused = false; + q.process(); + } + }; + return q; + }; + + async.priorityQueue = function (worker, concurrency) { + + function _compareTasks(a, b){ + return a.priority - b.priority; + }; + + function _binarySearch(sequence, item, compare) { + var beg = -1, + end = sequence.length - 1; + while (beg < end) { + var mid = beg + ((end - beg + 1) >>> 1); + if (compare(item, sequence[mid]) >= 0) { + beg = mid; + } else { + end = mid - 1; + } + } + return beg; + } + + function _insert(q, data, priority, callback) { + if (!q.started){ + q.started = true; + } + if (!_isArray(data)) { + data = [data]; + } + if(data.length == 0) { + // call drain immediately if there are no tasks + return async.setImmediate(function() { + if (q.drain) { + q.drain(); + } + }); + } + _each(data, function(task) { + var item = { + data: task, + priority: priority, + callback: typeof callback === 'function' ? callback : null + }; + + q.tasks.splice(_binarySearch(q.tasks, item, _compareTasks) + 1, 0, item); + + if (q.saturated && q.tasks.length === q.concurrency) { + q.saturated(); + } + async.setImmediate(q.process); + }); + } + + // Start with a normal queue + var q = async.queue(worker, concurrency); + + // Override push to accept second parameter representing priority + q.push = function (data, priority, callback) { + _insert(q, data, priority, callback); + }; + + // Remove unshift function + delete q.unshift; + + return q; + }; + + async.cargo = function (worker, payload) { + var working = false, + tasks = []; + + var cargo = { + tasks: tasks, + payload: payload, + saturated: null, + empty: null, + drain: null, + drained: true, + push: function (data, callback) { + if (!_isArray(data)) { + data = [data]; + } + _each(data, function(task) { + tasks.push({ + data: task, + callback: typeof callback === 'function' ? callback : null + }); + cargo.drained = false; + if (cargo.saturated && tasks.length === payload) { + cargo.saturated(); + } + }); + async.setImmediate(cargo.process); + }, + process: function process() { + if (working) return; + if (tasks.length === 0) { + if(cargo.drain && !cargo.drained) cargo.drain(); + cargo.drained = true; + return; + } + + var ts = typeof payload === 'number' + ? tasks.splice(0, payload) + : tasks.splice(0, tasks.length); + + var ds = _map(ts, function (task) { + return task.data; + }); + + if(cargo.empty) cargo.empty(); + working = true; + worker(ds, function () { + working = false; + + var args = arguments; + _each(ts, function (data) { + if (data.callback) { + data.callback.apply(null, args); + } + }); + + process(); + }); + }, + length: function () { + return tasks.length; + }, + running: function () { + return working; + } + }; + return cargo; + }; + + var _console_fn = function (name) { + return function (fn) { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1); + fn.apply(null, args.concat([function (err) { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1); + if (typeof console !== 'undefined') { + if (err) { + if (console.error) { + console.error(err); + } + } + else if (console[name]) { + _each(args, function (x) { + console[name](x); + }); + } + } + }])); + }; + }; + async.log = _console_fn('log'); + async.dir = _console_fn('dir'); + /*async.info = _console_fn('info'); + async.warn = _console_fn('warn'); + async.error = _console_fn('error');*/ + + async.memoize = function (fn, hasher) { + var memo = {}; + var queues = {}; + hasher = hasher || function (x) { + return x; + }; + var memoized = function () { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); + var callback = args.pop(); + var key = hasher.apply(null, args); + if (key in memo) { + async.nextTick(function () { + callback.apply(null, memo[key]); + }); + } + else if (key in queues) { + queues[key].push(callback); + } + else { + queues[key] = [callback]; + fn.apply(null, args.concat([function () { + memo[key] = arguments; + var q = queues[key]; + delete queues[key]; + for (var i = 0, l = q.length; i < l; i++) { + q[i].apply(null, arguments); + } + }])); + } + }; + memoized.memo = memo; + memoized.unmemoized = fn; + return memoized; + }; + + async.unmemoize = function (fn) { + return function () { + return (fn.unmemoized || fn).apply(null, arguments); + }; + }; + + async.times = function (count, iterator, callback) { + var counter = []; + for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) { + counter.push(i); + } + return async.map(counter, iterator, callback); + }; + + async.timesSeries = function (count, iterator, callback) { + var counter = []; + for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) { + counter.push(i); + } + return async.mapSeries(counter, iterator, callback); + }; + + async.seq = function (/* functions... */) { + var fns = arguments; + return function () { + var that = this; + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); + var callback = args.pop(); + async.reduce(fns, args, function (newargs, fn, cb) { + fn.apply(that, newargs.concat([function () { + var err = arguments[0]; + var nextargs = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 1); + cb(err, nextargs); + }])) + }, + function (err, results) { + callback.apply(that, [err].concat(results)); + }); + }; + }; + + async.compose = function (/* functions... */) { + return async.seq.apply(null, Array.prototype.reverse.call(arguments)); + }; + + var _applyEach = function (eachfn, fns /*args...*/) { + var go = function () { + var that = this; + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments); + var callback = args.pop(); + return eachfn(fns, function (fn, cb) { + fn.apply(that, args.concat([cb])); + }, + callback); + }; + if (arguments.length > 2) { + var args = Array.prototype.slice.call(arguments, 2); + return go.apply(this, args); + } + else { + return go; + } + }; + async.applyEach = doParallel(_applyEach); + async.applyEachSeries = doSeries(_applyEach); + + async.forever = function (fn, callback) { + function next(err) { + if (err) { + if (callback) { + return callback(err); + } + throw err; + } + fn(next); + } + next(); + }; + + // Node.js + if (typeof module !== 'undefined' && module.exports) { + module.exports = async; + } + // AMD / RequireJS + else if (typeof define !== 'undefined' && define.amd) { + define([], function () { + return async; + }); + } + // included directly via \n\n```\n\n## Documentation\n\n### Collections\n\n* [`each`](#each)\n* [`eachSeries`](#eachSeries)\n* [`eachLimit`](#eachLimit)\n* [`map`](#map)\n* [`mapSeries`](#mapSeries)\n* [`mapLimit`](#mapLimit)\n* [`filter`](#filter)\n* [`filterSeries`](#filterSeries)\n* [`reject`](#reject)\n* [`rejectSeries`](#rejectSeries)\n* [`reduce`](#reduce)\n* [`reduceRight`](#reduceRight)\n* [`detect`](#detect)\n* [`detectSeries`](#detectSeries)\n* [`sortBy`](#sortBy)\n* [`some`](#some)\n* [`every`](#every)\n* [`concat`](#concat)\n* [`concatSeries`](#concatSeries)\n\n### Control Flow\n\n* [`series`](#seriestasks-callback)\n* [`parallel`](#parallel)\n* [`parallelLimit`](#parallellimittasks-limit-callback)\n* [`whilst`](#whilst)\n* [`doWhilst`](#doWhilst)\n* [`until`](#until)\n* [`doUntil`](#doUntil)\n* [`forever`](#forever)\n* [`waterfall`](#waterfall)\n* [`compose`](#compose)\n* [`seq`](#seq)\n* [`applyEach`](#applyEach)\n* [`applyEachSeries`](#applyEachSeries)\n* [`queue`](#queue)\n* [`priorityQueue`](#priorityQueue)\n* [`cargo`](#cargo)\n* [`auto`](#auto)\n* [`retry`](#retry)\n* [`iterator`](#iterator)\n* [`apply`](#apply)\n* [`nextTick`](#nextTick)\n* [`times`](#times)\n* [`timesSeries`](#timesSeries)\n\n### Utils\n\n* [`memoize`](#memoize)\n* [`unmemoize`](#unmemoize)\n* [`log`](#log)\n* [`dir`](#dir)\n* [`noConflict`](#noConflict)\n\n\n## Collections\n\n\n\n### each(arr, iterator, callback)\n\nApplies the function `iterator` to each item in `arr`, in parallel.\nThe `iterator` is called with an item from the list, and a callback for when it\nhas finished. If the `iterator` passes an error to its `callback`, the main\n`callback` (for the `each` function) is immediately called with the error.\n\nNote, that since this function applies `iterator` to each item in parallel,\nthere is no guarantee that the iterator functions will complete in order.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `arr` - An array to iterate over.\n* `iterator(item, callback)` - A function to apply to each item in `arr`.\n The iterator is passed a `callback(err)` which must be called once it has \n completed. If no error has occured, the `callback` should be run without \n arguments or with an explicit `null` argument.\n* `callback(err)` - A callback which is called when all `iterator` functions\n have finished, or an error occurs.\n\n__Examples__\n\n\n```js\n// assuming openFiles is an array of file names and saveFile is a function\n// to save the modified contents of that file:\n\nasync.each(openFiles, saveFile, function(err){\n // if any of the saves produced an error, err would equal that error\n});\n```\n\n```js\n// assuming openFiles is an array of file names \n\nasync.each(openFiles, function( file, callback) {\n \n // Perform operation on file here.\n console.log('Processing file ' + file);\n \n if( file.length > 32 ) {\n console.log('This file name is too long');\n callback('File name too long');\n } else {\n // Do work to process file here\n console.log('File processed');\n callback();\n }\n}, function(err){\n // if any of the file processing produced an error, err would equal that error\n if( err ) {\n // One of the iterations produced an error.\n // All processing will now stop.\n console.log('A file failed to process');\n } else {\n console.log('All files have been processed successfully');\n }\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n\n### eachSeries(arr, iterator, callback)\n\nThe same as [`each`](#each), only `iterator` is applied to each item in `arr` in\nseries. The next `iterator` is only called once the current one has completed. \nThis means the `iterator` functions will complete in order.\n\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n\n### eachLimit(arr, limit, iterator, callback)\n\nThe same as [`each`](#each), only no more than `limit` `iterator`s will be simultaneously \nrunning at any time.\n\nNote that the items in `arr` are not processed in batches, so there is no guarantee that \nthe first `limit` `iterator` functions will complete before any others are started.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `arr` - An array to iterate over.\n* `limit` - The maximum number of `iterator`s to run at any time.\n* `iterator(item, callback)` - A function to apply to each item in `arr`.\n The iterator is passed a `callback(err)` which must be called once it has \n completed. If no error has occured, the callback should be run without \n arguments or with an explicit `null` argument.\n* `callback(err)` - A callback which is called when all `iterator` functions\n have finished, or an error occurs.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\n// Assume documents is an array of JSON objects and requestApi is a\n// function that interacts with a rate-limited REST api.\n\nasync.eachLimit(documents, 20, requestApi, function(err){\n // if any of the saves produced an error, err would equal that error\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### map(arr, iterator, callback)\n\nProduces a new array of values by mapping each value in `arr` through\nthe `iterator` function. The `iterator` is called with an item from `arr` and a\ncallback for when it has finished processing. Each of these callback takes 2 arguments: \nan `error`, and the transformed item from `arr`. If `iterator` passes an error to this \ncallback, the main `callback` (for the `map` function) is immediately called with the error.\n\nNote, that since this function applies the `iterator` to each item in parallel,\nthere is no guarantee that the `iterator` functions will complete in order. \nHowever, the results array will be in the same order as the original `arr`.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `arr` - An array to iterate over.\n* `iterator(item, callback)` - A function to apply to each item in `arr`.\n The iterator is passed a `callback(err, transformed)` which must be called once \n it has completed with an error (which can be `null`) and a transformed item.\n* `callback(err, results)` - A callback which is called when all `iterator`\n functions have finished, or an error occurs. Results is an array of the\n transformed items from the `arr`.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.map(['file1','file2','file3'], fs.stat, function(err, results){\n // results is now an array of stats for each file\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### mapSeries(arr, iterator, callback)\n\nThe same as [`map`](#map), only the `iterator` is applied to each item in `arr` in\nseries. The next `iterator` is only called once the current one has completed. \nThe results array will be in the same order as the original.\n\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### mapLimit(arr, limit, iterator, callback)\n\nThe same as [`map`](#map), only no more than `limit` `iterator`s will be simultaneously \nrunning at any time.\n\nNote that the items are not processed in batches, so there is no guarantee that \nthe first `limit` `iterator` functions will complete before any others are started.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `arr` - An array to iterate over.\n* `limit` - The maximum number of `iterator`s to run at any time.\n* `iterator(item, callback)` - A function to apply to each item in `arr`.\n The iterator is passed a `callback(err, transformed)` which must be called once \n it has completed with an error (which can be `null`) and a transformed item.\n* `callback(err, results)` - A callback which is called when all `iterator`\n calls have finished, or an error occurs. The result is an array of the\n transformed items from the original `arr`.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.mapLimit(['file1','file2','file3'], 1, fs.stat, function(err, results){\n // results is now an array of stats for each file\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n\n### filter(arr, iterator, callback)\n\n__Alias:__ `select`\n\nReturns a new array of all the values in `arr` which pass an async truth test.\n_The callback for each `iterator` call only accepts a single argument of `true` or\n`false`; it does not accept an error argument first!_ This is in-line with the\nway node libraries work with truth tests like `fs.exists`. This operation is\nperformed in parallel, but the results array will be in the same order as the\noriginal.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `arr` - An array to iterate over.\n* `iterator(item, callback)` - A truth test to apply to each item in `arr`.\n The `iterator` is passed a `callback(truthValue)`, which must be called with a \n boolean argument once it has completed.\n* `callback(results)` - A callback which is called after all the `iterator`\n functions have finished.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.filter(['file1','file2','file3'], fs.exists, function(results){\n // results now equals an array of the existing files\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n\n### filterSeries(arr, iterator, callback)\n\n__Alias:__ `selectSeries`\n\nThe same as [`filter`](#filter) only the `iterator` is applied to each item in `arr` in\nseries. The next `iterator` is only called once the current one has completed. \nThe results array will be in the same order as the original.\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### reject(arr, iterator, callback)\n\nThe opposite of [`filter`](#filter). Removes values that pass an `async` truth test.\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### rejectSeries(arr, iterator, callback)\n\nThe same as [`reject`](#reject), only the `iterator` is applied to each item in `arr`\nin series.\n\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### reduce(arr, memo, iterator, callback)\n\n__Aliases:__ `inject`, `foldl`\n\nReduces `arr` into a single value using an async `iterator` to return\neach successive step. `memo` is the initial state of the reduction. \nThis function only operates in series. \n\nFor performance reasons, it may make sense to split a call to this function into \na parallel map, and then use the normal `Array.prototype.reduce` on the results. \nThis function is for situations where each step in the reduction needs to be async; \nif you can get the data before reducing it, then it's probably a good idea to do so.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `arr` - An array to iterate over.\n* `memo` - The initial state of the reduction.\n* `iterator(memo, item, callback)` - A function applied to each item in the\n array to produce the next step in the reduction. The `iterator` is passed a\n `callback(err, reduction)` which accepts an optional error as its first \n argument, and the state of the reduction as the second. If an error is \n passed to the callback, the reduction is stopped and the main `callback` is \n immediately called with the error.\n* `callback(err, result)` - A callback which is called after all the `iterator`\n functions have finished. Result is the reduced value.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.reduce([1,2,3], 0, function(memo, item, callback){\n // pointless async:\n process.nextTick(function(){\n callback(null, memo + item)\n });\n}, function(err, result){\n // result is now equal to the last value of memo, which is 6\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### reduceRight(arr, memo, iterator, callback)\n\n__Alias:__ `foldr`\n\nSame as [`reduce`](#reduce), only operates on `arr` in reverse order.\n\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### detect(arr, iterator, callback)\n\nReturns the first value in `arr` that passes an async truth test. The\n`iterator` is applied in parallel, meaning the first iterator to return `true` will\nfire the detect `callback` with that result. That means the result might not be\nthe first item in the original `arr` (in terms of order) that passes the test.\n\nIf order within the original `arr` is important, then look at [`detectSeries`](#detectSeries).\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `arr` - An array to iterate over.\n* `iterator(item, callback)` - A truth test to apply to each item in `arr`.\n The iterator is passed a `callback(truthValue)` which must be called with a \n boolean argument once it has completed.\n* `callback(result)` - A callback which is called as soon as any iterator returns\n `true`, or after all the `iterator` functions have finished. Result will be\n the first item in the array that passes the truth test (iterator) or the\n value `undefined` if none passed.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.detect(['file1','file2','file3'], fs.exists, function(result){\n // result now equals the first file in the list that exists\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### detectSeries(arr, iterator, callback)\n\nThe same as [`detect`](#detect), only the `iterator` is applied to each item in `arr`\nin series. This means the result is always the first in the original `arr` (in\nterms of array order) that passes the truth test.\n\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### sortBy(arr, iterator, callback)\n\nSorts a list by the results of running each `arr` value through an async `iterator`.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `arr` - An array to iterate over.\n* `iterator(item, callback)` - A function to apply to each item in `arr`.\n The iterator is passed a `callback(err, sortValue)` which must be called once it\n has completed with an error (which can be `null`) and a value to use as the sort\n criteria.\n* `callback(err, results)` - A callback which is called after all the `iterator`\n functions have finished, or an error occurs. Results is the items from\n the original `arr` sorted by the values returned by the `iterator` calls.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.sortBy(['file1','file2','file3'], function(file, callback){\n fs.stat(file, function(err, stats){\n callback(err, stats.mtime);\n });\n}, function(err, results){\n // results is now the original array of files sorted by\n // modified date\n});\n```\n\n__Sort Order__\n\nBy modifying the callback parameter the sorting order can be influenced:\n\n```js\n//ascending order\nasync.sortBy([1,9,3,5], function(x, callback){\n callback(err, x);\n}, function(err,result){\n //result callback\n} );\n\n//descending order\nasync.sortBy([1,9,3,5], function(x, callback){\n callback(err, x*-1); //<- x*-1 instead of x, turns the order around\n}, function(err,result){\n //result callback\n} );\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### some(arr, iterator, callback)\n\n__Alias:__ `any`\n\nReturns `true` if at least one element in the `arr` satisfies an async test.\n_The callback for each iterator call only accepts a single argument of `true` or\n`false`; it does not accept an error argument first!_ This is in-line with the\nway node libraries work with truth tests like `fs.exists`. Once any iterator\ncall returns `true`, the main `callback` is immediately called.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `arr` - An array to iterate over.\n* `iterator(item, callback)` - A truth test to apply to each item in the array\n in parallel. The iterator is passed a callback(truthValue) which must be \n called with a boolean argument once it has completed.\n* `callback(result)` - A callback which is called as soon as any iterator returns\n `true`, or after all the iterator functions have finished. Result will be\n either `true` or `false` depending on the values of the async tests.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.some(['file1','file2','file3'], fs.exists, function(result){\n // if result is true then at least one of the files exists\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### every(arr, iterator, callback)\n\n__Alias:__ `all`\n\nReturns `true` if every element in `arr` satisfies an async test.\n_The callback for each `iterator` call only accepts a single argument of `true` or\n`false`; it does not accept an error argument first!_ This is in-line with the\nway node libraries work with truth tests like `fs.exists`.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `arr` - An array to iterate over.\n* `iterator(item, callback)` - A truth test to apply to each item in the array\n in parallel. The iterator is passed a callback(truthValue) which must be \n called with a boolean argument once it has completed.\n* `callback(result)` - A callback which is called after all the `iterator`\n functions have finished. Result will be either `true` or `false` depending on\n the values of the async tests.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.every(['file1','file2','file3'], fs.exists, function(result){\n // if result is true then every file exists\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### concat(arr, iterator, callback)\n\nApplies `iterator` to each item in `arr`, concatenating the results. Returns the\nconcatenated list. The `iterator`s are called in parallel, and the results are\nconcatenated as they return. There is no guarantee that the results array will\nbe returned in the original order of `arr` passed to the `iterator` function.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `arr` - An array to iterate over.\n* `iterator(item, callback)` - A function to apply to each item in `arr`.\n The iterator is passed a `callback(err, results)` which must be called once it \n has completed with an error (which can be `null`) and an array of results.\n* `callback(err, results)` - A callback which is called after all the `iterator`\n functions have finished, or an error occurs. Results is an array containing\n the concatenated results of the `iterator` function.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.concat(['dir1','dir2','dir3'], fs.readdir, function(err, files){\n // files is now a list of filenames that exist in the 3 directories\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### concatSeries(arr, iterator, callback)\n\nSame as [`concat`](#concat), but executes in series instead of parallel.\n\n\n## Control Flow\n\n\n### series(tasks, [callback])\n\nRun the functions in the `tasks` array in series, each one running once the previous\nfunction has completed. If any functions in the series pass an error to its\ncallback, no more functions are run, and `callback` is immediately called with the value of the error. \nOtherwise, `callback` receives an array of results when `tasks` have completed.\n\nIt is also possible to use an object instead of an array. Each property will be\nrun as a function, and the results will be passed to the final `callback` as an object\ninstead of an array. This can be a more readable way of handling results from\n[`series`](#series).\n\n**Note** that while many implementations preserve the order of object properties, the\n[ECMAScript Language Specifcation](http://www.ecma-international.org/ecma-262/5.1/#sec-8.6) \nexplicitly states that\n\n> The mechanics and order of enumerating the properties is not specified.\n\nSo if you rely on the order in which your series of functions are executed, and want\nthis to work on all platforms, consider using an array. \n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `tasks` - An array or object containing functions to run, each function is passed\n a `callback(err, result)` it must call on completion with an error `err` (which can\n be `null`) and an optional `result` value.\n* `callback(err, results)` - An optional callback to run once all the functions\n have completed. This function gets a results array (or object) containing all \n the result arguments passed to the `task` callbacks.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.series([\n function(callback){\n // do some stuff ...\n callback(null, 'one');\n },\n function(callback){\n // do some more stuff ...\n callback(null, 'two');\n }\n],\n// optional callback\nfunction(err, results){\n // results is now equal to ['one', 'two']\n});\n\n\n// an example using an object instead of an array\nasync.series({\n one: function(callback){\n setTimeout(function(){\n callback(null, 1);\n }, 200);\n },\n two: function(callback){\n setTimeout(function(){\n callback(null, 2);\n }, 100);\n }\n},\nfunction(err, results) {\n // results is now equal to: {one: 1, two: 2}\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### parallel(tasks, [callback])\n\nRun the `tasks` array of functions in parallel, without waiting until the previous\nfunction has completed. If any of the functions pass an error to its\ncallback, the main `callback` is immediately called with the value of the error.\nOnce the `tasks` have completed, the results are passed to the final `callback` as an\narray.\n\nIt is also possible to use an object instead of an array. Each property will be\nrun as a function and the results will be passed to the final `callback` as an object\ninstead of an array. This can be a more readable way of handling results from\n[`parallel`](#parallel).\n\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `tasks` - An array or object containing functions to run. Each function is passed \n a `callback(err, result)` which it must call on completion with an error `err` \n (which can be `null`) and an optional `result` value.\n* `callback(err, results)` - An optional callback to run once all the functions\n have completed. This function gets a results array (or object) containing all \n the result arguments passed to the task callbacks.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.parallel([\n function(callback){\n setTimeout(function(){\n callback(null, 'one');\n }, 200);\n },\n function(callback){\n setTimeout(function(){\n callback(null, 'two');\n }, 100);\n }\n],\n// optional callback\nfunction(err, results){\n // the results array will equal ['one','two'] even though\n // the second function had a shorter timeout.\n});\n\n\n// an example using an object instead of an array\nasync.parallel({\n one: function(callback){\n setTimeout(function(){\n callback(null, 1);\n }, 200);\n },\n two: function(callback){\n setTimeout(function(){\n callback(null, 2);\n }, 100);\n }\n},\nfunction(err, results) {\n // results is now equals to: {one: 1, two: 2}\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### parallelLimit(tasks, limit, [callback])\n\nThe same as [`parallel`](#parallel), only `tasks` are executed in parallel \nwith a maximum of `limit` tasks executing at any time.\n\nNote that the `tasks` are not executed in batches, so there is no guarantee that \nthe first `limit` tasks will complete before any others are started.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `tasks` - An array or object containing functions to run, each function is passed \n a `callback(err, result)` it must call on completion with an error `err` (which can\n be `null`) and an optional `result` value.\n* `limit` - The maximum number of `tasks` to run at any time.\n* `callback(err, results)` - An optional callback to run once all the functions\n have completed. This function gets a results array (or object) containing all \n the result arguments passed to the `task` callbacks.\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### whilst(test, fn, callback)\n\nRepeatedly call `fn`, while `test` returns `true`. Calls `callback` when stopped,\nor an error occurs.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `test()` - synchronous truth test to perform before each execution of `fn`.\n* `fn(callback)` - A function which is called each time `test` passes. The function is\n passed a `callback(err)`, which must be called once it has completed with an \n optional `err` argument.\n* `callback(err)` - A callback which is called after the test fails and repeated\n execution of `fn` has stopped.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nvar count = 0;\n\nasync.whilst(\n function () { return count < 5; },\n function (callback) {\n count++;\n setTimeout(callback, 1000);\n },\n function (err) {\n // 5 seconds have passed\n }\n);\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### doWhilst(fn, test, callback)\n\nThe post-check version of [`whilst`](#whilst). To reflect the difference in \nthe order of operations, the arguments `test` and `fn` are switched. \n\n`doWhilst` is to `whilst` as `do while` is to `while` in plain JavaScript.\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### until(test, fn, callback)\n\nRepeatedly call `fn` until `test` returns `true`. Calls `callback` when stopped,\nor an error occurs.\n\nThe inverse of [`whilst`](#whilst).\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### doUntil(fn, test, callback)\n\nLike [`doWhilst`](#doWhilst), except the `test` is inverted. Note the argument ordering differs from `until`.\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### forever(fn, errback)\n\nCalls the asynchronous function `fn` with a callback parameter that allows it to\ncall itself again, in series, indefinitely.\n\nIf an error is passed to the callback then `errback` is called with the\nerror, and execution stops, otherwise it will never be called.\n\n```js\nasync.forever(\n function(next) {\n // next is suitable for passing to things that need a callback(err [, whatever]);\n // it will result in this function being called again.\n },\n function(err) {\n // if next is called with a value in its first parameter, it will appear\n // in here as 'err', and execution will stop.\n }\n);\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### waterfall(tasks, [callback])\n\nRuns the `tasks` array of functions in series, each passing their results to the next in\nthe array. However, if any of the `tasks` pass an error to their own callback, the\nnext function is not executed, and the main `callback` is immediately called with\nthe error.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `tasks` - An array of functions to run, each function is passed a \n `callback(err, result1, result2, ...)` it must call on completion. The first\n argument is an error (which can be `null`) and any further arguments will be \n passed as arguments in order to the next task.\n* `callback(err, [results])` - An optional callback to run once all the functions\n have completed. This will be passed the results of the last task's callback.\n\n\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.waterfall([\n function(callback){\n callback(null, 'one', 'two');\n },\n function(arg1, arg2, callback){\n // arg1 now equals 'one' and arg2 now equals 'two'\n callback(null, 'three');\n },\n function(arg1, callback){\n // arg1 now equals 'three'\n callback(null, 'done');\n }\n], function (err, result) {\n // result now equals 'done' \n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n### compose(fn1, fn2...)\n\nCreates a function which is a composition of the passed asynchronous\nfunctions. Each function consumes the return value of the function that\nfollows. Composing functions `f()`, `g()`, and `h()` would produce the result of\n`f(g(h()))`, only this version uses callbacks to obtain the return values.\n\nEach function is executed with the `this` binding of the composed function.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `functions...` - the asynchronous functions to compose\n\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nfunction add1(n, callback) {\n setTimeout(function () {\n callback(null, n + 1);\n }, 10);\n}\n\nfunction mul3(n, callback) {\n setTimeout(function () {\n callback(null, n * 3);\n }, 10);\n}\n\nvar add1mul3 = async.compose(mul3, add1);\n\nadd1mul3(4, function (err, result) {\n // result now equals 15\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n### seq(fn1, fn2...)\n\nVersion of the compose function that is more natural to read.\nEach following function consumes the return value of the latter function. \n\nEach function is executed with the `this` binding of the composed function.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* functions... - the asynchronous functions to compose\n\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\n// Requires lodash (or underscore), express3 and dresende's orm2.\n// Part of an app, that fetches cats of the logged user.\n// This example uses `seq` function to avoid overnesting and error \n// handling clutter.\napp.get('/cats', function(request, response) {\n function handleError(err, data, callback) {\n if (err) {\n console.error(err);\n response.json({ status: 'error', message: err.message });\n }\n else {\n callback(data);\n }\n }\n var User = request.models.User;\n async.seq(\n _.bind(User.get, User), // 'User.get' has signature (id, callback(err, data))\n handleError,\n function(user, fn) {\n user.getCats(fn); // 'getCats' has signature (callback(err, data))\n },\n handleError,\n function(cats) {\n response.json({ status: 'ok', message: 'Cats found', data: cats });\n }\n )(req.session.user_id);\n }\n});\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n### applyEach(fns, args..., callback)\n\nApplies the provided arguments to each function in the array, calling \n`callback` after all functions have completed. If you only provide the first\nargument, then it will return a function which lets you pass in the\narguments as if it were a single function call.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `fns` - the asynchronous functions to all call with the same arguments\n* `args...` - any number of separate arguments to pass to the function\n* `callback` - the final argument should be the callback, called when all\n functions have completed processing\n\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.applyEach([enableSearch, updateSchema], 'bucket', callback);\n\n// partial application example:\nasync.each(\n buckets,\n async.applyEach([enableSearch, updateSchema]),\n callback\n);\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### applyEachSeries(arr, iterator, callback)\n\nThe same as [`applyEach`](#applyEach) only the functions are applied in series.\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### queue(worker, concurrency)\n\nCreates a `queue` object with the specified `concurrency`. Tasks added to the\n`queue` are processed in parallel (up to the `concurrency` limit). If all\n`worker`s are in progress, the task is queued until one becomes available. \nOnce a `worker` completes a `task`, that `task`'s callback is called.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `worker(task, callback)` - An asynchronous function for processing a queued\n task, which must call its `callback(err)` argument when finished, with an \n optional `error` as an argument.\n* `concurrency` - An `integer` for determining how many `worker` functions should be\n run in parallel.\n\n__Queue objects__\n\nThe `queue` object returned by this function has the following properties and\nmethods:\n\n* `length()` - a function returning the number of items waiting to be processed.\n* `started` - a function returning whether or not any items have been pushed and processed by the queue\n* `running()` - a function returning the number of items currently being processed.\n* `idle()` - a function returning false if there are items waiting or being processed, or true if not.\n* `concurrency` - an integer for determining how many `worker` functions should be\n run in parallel. This property can be changed after a `queue` is created to\n alter the concurrency on-the-fly.\n* `push(task, [callback])` - add a new task to the `queue`. Calls `callback` once \n the `worker` has finished processing the task. Instead of a single task, a `tasks` array\n can be submitted. The respective callback is used for every task in the list.\n* `unshift(task, [callback])` - add a new task to the front of the `queue`.\n* `saturated` - a callback that is called when the `queue` length hits the `concurrency` limit, \n and further tasks will be queued.\n* `empty` - a callback that is called when the last item from the `queue` is given to a `worker`.\n* `drain` - a callback that is called when the last item from the `queue` has returned from the `worker`.\n* `paused` - a boolean for determining whether the queue is in a paused state\n* `pause()` - a function that pauses the processing of tasks until `resume()` is called.\n* `resume()` - a function that resumes the processing of queued tasks when the queue is paused.\n* `kill()` - a function that empties remaining tasks from the queue forcing it to go idle.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\n// create a queue object with concurrency 2\n\nvar q = async.queue(function (task, callback) {\n console.log('hello ' + task.name);\n callback();\n}, 2);\n\n\n// assign a callback\nq.drain = function() {\n console.log('all items have been processed');\n}\n\n// add some items to the queue\n\nq.push({name: 'foo'}, function (err) {\n console.log('finished processing foo');\n});\nq.push({name: 'bar'}, function (err) {\n console.log('finished processing bar');\n});\n\n// add some items to the queue (batch-wise)\n\nq.push([{name: 'baz'},{name: 'bay'},{name: 'bax'}], function (err) {\n console.log('finished processing bar');\n});\n\n// add some items to the front of the queue\n\nq.unshift({name: 'bar'}, function (err) {\n console.log('finished processing bar');\n});\n```\n\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### priorityQueue(worker, concurrency)\n\nThe same as [`queue`](#queue) only tasks are assigned a priority and completed in ascending priority order. There are two differences between `queue` and `priorityQueue` objects:\n\n* `push(task, priority, [callback])` - `priority` should be a number. If an array of\n `tasks` is given, all tasks will be assigned the same priority.\n* The `unshift` method was removed.\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### cargo(worker, [payload])\n\nCreates a `cargo` object with the specified payload. Tasks added to the\ncargo will be processed altogether (up to the `payload` limit). If the\n`worker` is in progress, the task is queued until it becomes available. Once\nthe `worker` has completed some tasks, each callback of those tasks is called.\nCheck out [this animation](https://camo.githubusercontent.com/6bbd36f4cf5b35a0f11a96dcd2e97711ffc2fb37/68747470733a2f2f662e636c6f75642e6769746875622e636f6d2f6173736574732f313637363837312f36383130382f62626330636662302d356632392d313165322d393734662d3333393763363464633835382e676966) for how `cargo` and `queue` work.\n\nWhile [queue](#queue) passes only one task to one of a group of workers\nat a time, cargo passes an array of tasks to a single worker, repeating\nwhen the worker is finished.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `worker(tasks, callback)` - An asynchronous function for processing an array of\n queued tasks, which must call its `callback(err)` argument when finished, with \n an optional `err` argument.\n* `payload` - An optional `integer` for determining how many tasks should be\n processed per round; if omitted, the default is unlimited.\n\n__Cargo objects__\n\nThe `cargo` object returned by this function has the following properties and\nmethods:\n\n* `length()` - A function returning the number of items waiting to be processed.\n* `payload` - An `integer` for determining how many tasks should be\n process per round. This property can be changed after a `cargo` is created to\n alter the payload on-the-fly.\n* `push(task, [callback])` - Adds `task` to the `queue`. The callback is called\n once the `worker` has finished processing the task. Instead of a single task, an array of `tasks` \n can be submitted. The respective callback is used for every task in the list.\n* `saturated` - A callback that is called when the `queue.length()` hits the concurrency and further tasks will be queued.\n* `empty` - A callback that is called when the last item from the `queue` is given to a `worker`.\n* `drain` - A callback that is called when the last item from the `queue` has returned from the `worker`.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\n// create a cargo object with payload 2\n\nvar cargo = async.cargo(function (tasks, callback) {\n for(var i=0; i\n### auto(tasks, [callback])\n\nDetermines the best order for running the functions in `tasks`, based on their \nrequirements. Each function can optionally depend on other functions being completed \nfirst, and each function is run as soon as its requirements are satisfied. \n\nIf any of the functions pass an error to their callback, it will not \ncomplete (so any other functions depending on it will not run), and the main \n`callback` is immediately called with the error. Functions also receive an \nobject containing the results of functions which have completed so far.\n\nNote, all functions are called with a `results` object as a second argument, \nso it is unsafe to pass functions in the `tasks` object which cannot handle the\nextra argument. \n\nFor example, this snippet of code:\n\n```js\nasync.auto({\n readData: async.apply(fs.readFile, 'data.txt', 'utf-8')\n}, callback);\n```\n\nwill have the effect of calling `readFile` with the results object as the last\nargument, which will fail:\n\n```js\nfs.readFile('data.txt', 'utf-8', cb, {});\n```\n\nInstead, wrap the call to `readFile` in a function which does not forward the \n`results` object:\n\n```js\nasync.auto({\n readData: function(cb, results){\n fs.readFile('data.txt', 'utf-8', cb);\n }\n}, callback);\n```\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `tasks` - An object. Each of its properties is either a function or an array of\n requirements, with the function itself the last item in the array. The object's key\n of a property serves as the name of the task defined by that property,\n i.e. can be used when specifying requirements for other tasks.\n The function receives two arguments: (1) a `callback(err, result)` which must be \n called when finished, passing an `error` (which can be `null`) and the result of \n the function's execution, and (2) a `results` object, containing the results of\n the previously executed functions.\n* `callback(err, results)` - An optional callback which is called when all the\n tasks have been completed. It receives the `err` argument if any `tasks` \n pass an error to their callback. Results are always returned; however, if \n an error occurs, no further `tasks` will be performed, and the results\n object will only contain partial results.\n\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nasync.auto({\n get_data: function(callback){\n console.log('in get_data');\n // async code to get some data\n callback(null, 'data', 'converted to array');\n },\n make_folder: function(callback){\n console.log('in make_folder');\n // async code to create a directory to store a file in\n // this is run at the same time as getting the data\n callback(null, 'folder');\n },\n write_file: ['get_data', 'make_folder', function(callback, results){\n console.log('in write_file', JSON.stringify(results));\n // once there is some data and the directory exists,\n // write the data to a file in the directory\n callback(null, 'filename');\n }],\n email_link: ['write_file', function(callback, results){\n console.log('in email_link', JSON.stringify(results));\n // once the file is written let's email a link to it...\n // results.write_file contains the filename returned by write_file.\n callback(null, {'file':results.write_file, 'email':'user@example.com'});\n }]\n}, function(err, results) {\n console.log('err = ', err);\n console.log('results = ', results);\n});\n```\n\nThis is a fairly trivial example, but to do this using the basic parallel and\nseries functions would look like this:\n\n```js\nasync.parallel([\n function(callback){\n console.log('in get_data');\n // async code to get some data\n callback(null, 'data', 'converted to array');\n },\n function(callback){\n console.log('in make_folder');\n // async code to create a directory to store a file in\n // this is run at the same time as getting the data\n callback(null, 'folder');\n }\n],\nfunction(err, results){\n async.series([\n function(callback){\n console.log('in write_file', JSON.stringify(results));\n // once there is some data and the directory exists,\n // write the data to a file in the directory\n results.push('filename');\n callback(null);\n },\n function(callback){\n console.log('in email_link', JSON.stringify(results));\n // once the file is written let's email a link to it...\n callback(null, {'file':results.pop(), 'email':'user@example.com'});\n }\n ]);\n});\n```\n\nFor a complicated series of `async` tasks, using the [`auto`](#auto) function makes adding\nnew tasks much easier (and the code more readable).\n\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### retry([times = 5], task, [callback])\n\nAttempts to get a successful response from `task` no more than `times` times before\nreturning an error. If the task is successful, the `callback` will be passed the result\nof the successfull task. If all attemps fail, the callback will be passed the error and\nresult (if any) of the final attempt.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `times` - An integer indicating how many times to attempt the `task` before giving up. Defaults to 5.\n* `task(callback, results)` - A function which receives two arguments: (1) a `callback(err, result)`\n which must be called when finished, passing `err` (which can be `null`) and the `result` of \n the function's execution, and (2) a `results` object, containing the results of\n the previously executed functions (if nested inside another control flow).\n* `callback(err, results)` - An optional callback which is called when the\n task has succeeded, or after the final failed attempt. It receives the `err` and `result` arguments of the last attempt at completing the `task`.\n\nThe [`retry`](#retry) function can be used as a stand-alone control flow by passing a\ncallback, as shown below:\n\n```js\nasync.retry(3, apiMethod, function(err, result) {\n // do something with the result\n});\n```\n\nIt can also be embeded within other control flow functions to retry individual methods\nthat are not as reliable, like this:\n\n```js\nasync.auto({\n users: api.getUsers.bind(api),\n payments: async.retry(3, api.getPayments.bind(api))\n}, function(err, results) {\n // do something with the results\n});\n```\n\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### iterator(tasks)\n\nCreates an iterator function which calls the next function in the `tasks` array,\nreturning a continuation to call the next one after that. It's also possible to\n“peek” at the next iterator with `iterator.next()`.\n\nThis function is used internally by the `async` module, but can be useful when\nyou want to manually control the flow of functions in series.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `tasks` - An array of functions to run.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nvar iterator = async.iterator([\n function(){ sys.p('one'); },\n function(){ sys.p('two'); },\n function(){ sys.p('three'); }\n]);\n\nnode> var iterator2 = iterator();\n'one'\nnode> var iterator3 = iterator2();\n'two'\nnode> iterator3();\n'three'\nnode> var nextfn = iterator2.next();\nnode> nextfn();\n'three'\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### apply(function, arguments..)\n\nCreates a continuation function with some arguments already applied. \n\nUseful as a shorthand when combined with other control flow functions. Any arguments\npassed to the returned function are added to the arguments originally passed\nto apply.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `function` - The function you want to eventually apply all arguments to.\n* `arguments...` - Any number of arguments to automatically apply when the\n continuation is called.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\n// using apply\n\nasync.parallel([\n async.apply(fs.writeFile, 'testfile1', 'test1'),\n async.apply(fs.writeFile, 'testfile2', 'test2'),\n]);\n\n\n// the same process without using apply\n\nasync.parallel([\n function(callback){\n fs.writeFile('testfile1', 'test1', callback);\n },\n function(callback){\n fs.writeFile('testfile2', 'test2', callback);\n }\n]);\n```\n\nIt's possible to pass any number of additional arguments when calling the\ncontinuation:\n\n```js\nnode> var fn = async.apply(sys.puts, 'one');\nnode> fn('two', 'three');\none\ntwo\nthree\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### nextTick(callback)\n\nCalls `callback` on a later loop around the event loop. In Node.js this just\ncalls `process.nextTick`; in the browser it falls back to `setImmediate(callback)`\nif available, otherwise `setTimeout(callback, 0)`, which means other higher priority\nevents may precede the execution of `callback`.\n\nThis is used internally for browser-compatibility purposes.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `callback` - The function to call on a later loop around the event loop.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nvar call_order = [];\nasync.nextTick(function(){\n call_order.push('two');\n // call_order now equals ['one','two']\n});\ncall_order.push('one')\n```\n\n\n### times(n, callback)\n\nCalls the `callback` function `n` times, and accumulates results in the same manner\nyou would use with [`map`](#map).\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `n` - The number of times to run the function.\n* `callback` - The function to call `n` times.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\n// Pretend this is some complicated async factory\nvar createUser = function(id, callback) {\n callback(null, {\n id: 'user' + id\n })\n}\n// generate 5 users\nasync.times(5, function(n, next){\n createUser(n, function(err, user) {\n next(err, user)\n })\n}, function(err, users) {\n // we should now have 5 users\n});\n```\n\n\n### timesSeries(n, callback)\n\nThe same as [`times`](#times), only the iterator is applied to each item in `arr` in\nseries. The next `iterator` is only called once the current one has completed. \nThe results array will be in the same order as the original.\n\n\n## Utils\n\n\n### memoize(fn, [hasher])\n\nCaches the results of an `async` function. When creating a hash to store function\nresults against, the callback is omitted from the hash and an optional hash\nfunction can be used.\n\nThe cache of results is exposed as the `memo` property of the function returned\nby `memoize`.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `fn` - The function to proxy and cache results from.\n* `hasher` - Tn optional function for generating a custom hash for storing\n results. It has all the arguments applied to it apart from the callback, and\n must be synchronous.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nvar slow_fn = function (name, callback) {\n // do something\n callback(null, result);\n};\nvar fn = async.memoize(slow_fn);\n\n// fn can now be used as if it were slow_fn\nfn('some name', function () {\n // callback\n});\n```\n\n\n### unmemoize(fn)\n\nUndoes a [`memoize`](#memoize)d function, reverting it to the original, unmemoized\nform. Handy for testing.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `fn` - the memoized function\n\n\n### log(function, arguments)\n\nLogs the result of an `async` function to the `console`. Only works in Node.js or\nin browsers that support `console.log` and `console.error` (such as FF and Chrome).\nIf multiple arguments are returned from the async function, `console.log` is\ncalled on each argument in order.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `function` - The function you want to eventually apply all arguments to.\n* `arguments...` - Any number of arguments to apply to the function.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nvar hello = function(name, callback){\n setTimeout(function(){\n callback(null, 'hello ' + name);\n }, 1000);\n};\n```\n```js\nnode> async.log(hello, 'world');\n'hello world'\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### dir(function, arguments)\n\nLogs the result of an `async` function to the `console` using `console.dir` to\ndisplay the properties of the resulting object. Only works in Node.js or\nin browsers that support `console.dir` and `console.error` (such as FF and Chrome).\nIf multiple arguments are returned from the async function, `console.dir` is\ncalled on each argument in order.\n\n__Arguments__\n\n* `function` - The function you want to eventually apply all arguments to.\n* `arguments...` - Any number of arguments to apply to the function.\n\n__Example__\n\n```js\nvar hello = function(name, callback){\n setTimeout(function(){\n callback(null, {hello: name});\n }, 1000);\n};\n```\n```js\nnode> async.dir(hello, 'world');\n{hello: 'world'}\n```\n\n---------------------------------------\n\n\n### noConflict()\n\nChanges the value of `async` back to its original value, returning a reference to the\n`async` object.\n", + "readmeFilename": "README.md", + "homepage": "https://github.com/caolan/async", + "_id": "async@0.9.0", + "_shasum": "ac3613b1da9bed1b47510bb4651b8931e47146c7", + "_from": "async@", + "_resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/async/-/async-0.9.0.tgz" +}